五、(2023·江西)方框选词。
enter，steal，what，while，another，laugh，visitor，impolitely，height，wise，environment
Many years ago，there were many states in China. The State of Qi used to be very strong，but it became less powerful. Yan Zi was a
wise
adviser，so the king of Qi sent him to ask Chu to support each other.
The king of Chu knew Yan Zi was very short. He tried to make Yan Zi feel shy about his
height
. When Yan Zi arrived，the guard told him
to enter
through the small gate. Yan Zi didn’t get angry. “Only a state of dogs will greet
visitors
with a gate for dogs. I’m visiting the State of Chu. This gate isn’t for me，” Yan Zi said. So the guard had to take him through the main gate.
The king of Chu was unhappy at
what
Yan Zi did. “Why did Qi send YOU? Don’t they have anyone better?” the king tried
another
way.
“If Qi meets a great king，it’ll send the best ambassador(使臣). I’m the worst. That’s why I’m here，” Yan Zi replied calmly(镇定地). At this time，the guards brought a thief(小偷)to the king. The thief was from Qi. “Ha! Yan Zi，is Qi a state of thieves?” asked the king
impolitely
.
Yan Zi replied，“The orange trees south of Huai River produce big and delicious fruit，
while
the orange trees north of Huai River produce small and sour fruit. The
environment
makes the fruit grow differently. In Qi，people are good and honest，but here，they
steal
. What made that person a thief here?” Finally，the king looked at Yan Zi and
laughed
，“I was wrong about you and your state!”
1.
wise
2.
height
3.
to enter
4.
visitors
5.
what
6.
another
7.
impolitely
8.
while
9.
environment
10.
steal
11.
laughed
解析：
【分析】
首先拿到这类方框选词填空题，第一步先通读备选词汇，明确每个词的词义、词性，预判可能的词形变化方向；第二步通读全文，可知本文讲述的是经典历史典故“晏子使楚”，理清故事的整体逻辑脉络；第三步逐空分析，先判断空格处所需的词性，再结合上下文语义、固定搭配、语法规则从备选词中筛选合适的词，同时根据语境调整词形（比如名词变复数、动词变非谓语/过去式、形容词副词转换等），最后代入所有答案通读验证，确保逻辑通顺、语法正确。
【解析】
1. 空后是名词adviser（顾问），需要用形容词修饰，结合语境“晏子是一位______的顾问，所以齐王派他出使楚国”，备选词wise（明智的）符合语义，填wise。
2. 前文提到楚王知道晏子个子很矮，想要让晏子为自己的______感到羞愧，对应矮的特征就是身高，备选词height（身高）符合，填height。
3. 此处是固定搭配tell sb to do sth（告诉某人做某事），语境是守卫告诉晏子从小门进入，所以将enter变为不定式形式to enter，填to enter。
4. 语境“只有狗国才会用狗门迎接______”，迎接的对象是访客，此处表泛指一类人，要把visitor变为复数visitors，填visitors。
5. 语境“楚王对晏子所做的事感到不高兴”，介词at后接宾语从句，从句中did缺少宾语，用连接代词what指代“晏子做的事”，填what。
6. 前文楚王已经用小门的方法羞辱晏子失败了，这里他尝试______方法，备选词another（另一个）符合“换了另一种羞辱方式”的语义，填another。
7. 空格修饰动词asked，需要用副词，结合语境楚王嘲讽晏子的态度很不礼貌，备选词impolitely（不礼貌地）符合，填impolitely。
8. 此处是对比南北橘子的不同生长结果，表对比的连词while（然而）符合逻辑，填while。
9. 语境“____让果实生长得不同”，前文讲淮河两岸的生长环境差异，所以备选词environment（环境）符合，填environment。
10. 语境“在齐国人们都善良诚实，但是到了这里他们就______”，对应前文提到的小偷，备选词steal（偷窃）符合语义，填steal。
11. 全文都是讲述过去发生的故事，时态为一般过去时，语境“最后楚王看着晏子笑了，说自己错了”，将laugh变为过去式laughed，填laughed。
【答案】
1. wise 2. height 3. to enter 4. visitors 5. what 6. another 7. impolitely 8. while 9. environment 10. steal 11. laughed
【知识点】
选词填空，词形变换，语境辨析
【点评】
本题结合中国传统经典历史故事晏子使楚命题，趣味性较强，既考察学生对备选词汇词义、词性的掌握程度，也考察了固定搭配、动词时态、从句引导词等语法知识点，同时需要学生结合上下文逻辑推理筛选答案，有一定区分度。
【难度系数】
0.6
