三、完形填空。(10分)
What does the word “ecology” mean? It was
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by Ernst Haeckel, a German biologist. He joined two Greek words: oikos, meaning “house”, and logos, meaning “the study of”. Together they mean “the study of the house”. The “house” Haeckel had in mind is our
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, the Earth. The Earth is home to all living things—humans, animals, plants, and even tiny microbes.
To study a house is to learn how its residents(居民) use it. An ecologist is a scientist who studies the
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between organisms(生物) and their environment. The environment is an organism’s surroundings. It may
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water, gases, rocks, and temperature.
Ecologists also study the balance of using the environment while protecting it.
An ecologist once asked a boy
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he thought it meant to protect the environment.
The boy said, “You go into the forest and look for somebody who wants to cut down a tree. You take away his axe. You tell him about how
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trees are. You say they are good for natural beauty, saving soil, and giving shelter to birds and other animals.”
“Good answer,” said the ecologist, “
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it may not be easy to find a woodcutter to talk to. Also, remember that sometimes it’s
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to cut down a tree. If we cut down too many trees, the forest will disappear. If we don’t cut down any trees, we won’t get any resources from the forest. We have to find the right
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.”
“I get it,” the boy said. “We need the forest’s
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for wood and paper, or we might not have desks or notebooks for school.”
“Exactly—and school is a good place to learn about ecology,” added the ecologist. “Then you will know how to protect the natural environment.”
(
)1. A. proved B. invented C. marked D. accepted
(
)2. A. planet B. building C. project D. surface
(
)3. A. feeling B. relationships C. distance D. competitions
(
)4. A. pollute B. control C. include D. reduce
(
)5. A. who B. whose C. why D. what
(
)6. A. wild B. common C. wealthy D. important
(
)7. A. but B. and C. so D. or
(
)8. A. comfortable B. tiring C. impossible D. necessary
(
)9. A. mystery B. temperature C. balance D. symbol
(
)10. A. soil B. resources C. landscape D. wildlife
