Ⅱ. 根据汉语或首字母提示、英文释义写出单词
1. We are now used to
recycling
(回收利用) glass bottles instead of throwing them away.
2. The new bus route makes it
convenient
(方便的) for us to visit the museum downtown.
3. As students, we should spend pocket money more
wisely
(明智地).
4. My hometown is filled with fruit,
especially
(尤其) pears and oranges.
5. He
admires
(敬佩) the selfless scientist who works hard to discover new things that help the world.
6. To be the host of the school art festival, Jack
will receive
(收到) training next week.
7. A
ccording
to the survey, most students prefer outdoor activities during breaks.
8. This famous writer's books are popular both at home and a
broad
among young readers.
9. He has c
ompleted
reading the book and is ready to share the story with his friends.
10. The dog b
ehaved
strangely when it saw its reflection (映像) in the mirror for the first time.
11. We can see the p
rogress
in his writing, as his sentences are now clearer and longer.
12. She doesn't like the trip plan. In fact, most of us don't like it e
ither
.
13. Plastic is h
armful
to the environment, so don't throw it everywhere.
14. Some naughty boys are talking l
oudly
, so their teacher asks them to keep quiet.
15. The athletes from different places never give up a
chieving
their dreams.
16. His family is not rich enough to
afford
(to have enough money to pay) a big house.
17. As doctors, we should try our best to save the
patients
(people who are ill).
解析:
【分析】
这是一道词汇填空题,解题时需结合语境、固定搭配、语法规则以及提示信息来确定答案:
1. 第1题,根据固定搭配“be used to doing sth.(习惯于做某事)”,此处需填动词的动名词形式,“回收利用”对应的动词是recycle,故填其动名词形式。
2. 第2题,考查“make it + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.”的复合结构,此处需要填形容词,“方便的”对应形容词convenient。
3. 第3题,修饰动词“spend”需用副词,“明智地”对应副词wisely。
4. 第4题,需要一个副词来强调举例,“尤其”对应副词especially。
5. 第5题,句子描述常态,用一般现在时,主语“He”是第三人称单数,动词需用三单形式,“敬佩”对应动词admire,变三单即可。
6. 第6题,根据时间状语“next week”,句子用一般将来时,结构为“will + 动词原形”,“收到”对应动词receive。
7. 第7题,根据首字母和固定短语“according to(根据)”,可知填According。
8. 第8题,根据固定搭配“at home and abroad(国内外)”,结合首字母提示,填abroad。
9. 第9题,根据“has”可知是现在完成时,结构为“have/has + 过去分词”,“完成阅读”对应动词complete,填其过去分词。
10. 第10题,根据“saw”可知句子用一般过去时,“表现奇怪”对应动词behave,填其过去式。
11. 第11题,根据语境“句子更清晰更长”可知是写作中的进步,“进步”对应不可数名词progress。
12. 第12题,否定句末尾表示“也”用either,结合语境可知填either。
13. 第13题,根据固定短语“be harmful to(对……有害)”,填harmful。
14. 第14题,修饰动词“talking”需用副词,“大声地”对应副词loudly。
15. 第15题,根据固定搭配“give up doing sth.(放弃做某事)”,“实现梦想”对应动词achieve,填其动名词形式。
16. 第16题,英文释义“有足够的钱支付”对应动词afford。
17. 第17题,英文释义“生病的人”对应名词patient,此处表示一类人,用复数形式patients。
【解析】
1. 考查固定搭配“be used to doing sth.”,“回收利用”的动词是recycle,动名词形式为recycling。
2. 考查“make it + adj. + for sb. to do sth.”结构,“方便的”形容词为convenient。
3. 副词修饰动词“spend”,“明智地”副词为wisely。
4. 用副词强调举例,“尤其”的副词为especially。
5. 一般现在时,主语“He”是第三人称单数,“敬佩”的三单形式为admires。
6. 根据“next week”用一般将来时,结构“will + 动词原形”,“收到”为receive,故填will receive。
7. 固定短语“according to”,首字母大写,填According。
8. 固定搭配“at home and abroad”,填abroad。
9. 现在完成时“has + 过去分词”,complete的过去分词为completed。
10. 一般过去时,behave的过去式为behaved。
11. 根据语境表示“进步”,不可数名词为progress。
12. 否定句末尾表“也”用either。
13. 固定短语“be harmful to”,填harmful。
14. 副词修饰动词“talking”,“大声地”为loudly。
15. 固定搭配“give up doing sth.”,achieve的动名词为achieving。
16. 对应英文释义“有足够钱支付”的动词为afford。
17. “生病的人”是patient,此处用复数patients。
知识拓展:近义词辨析: admire 与 respect 都有“敬佩”之意,但侧重点不同。admire 更侧重于因他人的才华、成就等而产生的赞赏,如“I admire her for her musical talent.(我敬佩她的音乐才华。)”;respect 则更强调因他人的品德、地位等而产生的尊重,如“We should respect the elderly.(我们应该尊重老人。)”。
【答案】
Ⅱ. 1. recycling 2. convenient 3. wisely 4. especially 5. admires
6. will receive 7. According 8. abroad 9. completed 10. behaved 11. progress 12. either 13. harmful 14. loudly 15. achieving 16. afford 17. patients
【知识点】
固定搭配运用、动词时态、词性转换
【点评】
本题考查初中英语词汇的综合运用,涵盖固定搭配、动词时态、词性转换等多个考点,既需要学生掌握常见短语和词汇的不同形式,也要求结合语境准确判断词性和时态,对学生的词汇积累和语法运用能力有一定要求。
【难度系数】
0.6