Ⅱ. 用括号中所给动词或短语的正确形式填空
1. Don't worry about the disease. The doctors
have cured
(cure) a lot of sick people already.
2. Over the years, many people
have realized
(realize) the importance of protecting the fresh water.
3. I
have invited
(invite) the whole class of children, so no one feels unhappy.
4. Adam has just
refused
(refuse) to play football with them because he's busy with his final exam.
5. Scientists are trying to find life on Mars but they
haven't found
(not find) anything yet.
6. —Helen, have you ever
tried
(try) eating hot pot in Chengdu? —Yes, it's so delicious.
7. Wei Fang's handwriting
has improved
(improve) a lot since she started practising it every day.
8. So far, the girl
has received
(receive) 5 offers from world top universities like Harvard and Oxford.
9. The young man
has managed
(manage) a large steel factory since he was twenty-eight.
10. Though our English teacher
has explained
(explain) the grammar rule to us for many times, we still make mistakes from time to time.
解析:
【分析】
这是一组考查现在完成时的填空题,解题思路如下:
1. 先识别现在完成时的标志:常见时间状语有already(已经)、over the years(多年来)、yet(还)、so far(到目前为止)、since+过去时间/从句、for+时间段;还有语境提示过去动作对现在造成影响的情况,比如第3题“so no one feels unhappy”说明邀请动作已完成且影响现在。
2. 明确现在完成时结构:肯定式为“have/has+动词过去分词”,否定式为“haven't/hasn't+动词过去分词”,一般疑问句为“Have/Has+主语+动词过去分词”。
3. 根据主语单复数选have或has:主语是复数或第一、二人称用have,单数第三人称用has。
4. 写出动词过去分词:规则动词加-ed,不规则动词需牢记对应形式(本题中多数为规则变化,try变tried、find变found为不规则变化)。
【解析】
1. 第1题:根据时间状语“already”判断用现在完成时,主语The doctors为复数,助动词用have,cure的过去分词是cured,故填have cured。
2. 第2题:根据时间状语“Over the years”判断用现在完成时,主语many people为复数,助动词用have,realize的过去分词是realized,故填have realized。
3. 第3题:根据语境“so no one feels unhappy”可知邀请动作已完成且对现在有影响,用现在完成时,主语I为第一人称,助动词用have,invite的过去分词是invited,故填have invited。
4. 第4题:根据“has just”可知是现在完成时,主语Adam是单数第三人称,助动词has已给出,refuse的过去分词是refused,故填refused。
5. 第5题:根据时间状语“yet”判断用现在完成时的否定形式,主语they为复数,助动词用haven't,find的过去分词是found,故填haven't found。
6. 第6题:根据“have you ever”可知是现在完成时的一般疑问句,助动词have已给出,try的过去分词是tried,故填tried。
7. 第7题:根据时间状语“since she started practising it every day”判断用现在完成时,主语Wei Fang's handwriting为单数,助动词用has,improve的过去分词是improved,故填has improved。
8. 第8题:根据时间状语“So far”判断用现在完成时,主语the girl为单数,助动词用has,receive的过去分词是received,故填has received。
9. 第9题:根据时间状语“since he was twenty-eight”判断用现在完成时,主语The young man为单数,助动词用has,manage的过去分词是managed,故填has managed。
10. 第10题:根据时间状语“for many times”判断用现在完成时,主语our English teacher为单数,助动词用has,explain的过去分词是explained,故填has explained。
【答案】
1. have cured
2. have realized
3. have invited
4. refused
5. haven't found
6. tried
7. has improved
8. has received
9. has managed
10. has explained
【知识点】
1. 现在完成时用法
2. 动词过去分词变化
3. 主谓一致
【点评】
本题集中考查现在完成时的基础应用,涵盖了常见时间标志词和语境提示,要求学生准确识别现在完成时的使用场景,同时注意主谓一致和动词过去分词的正确形式,是巩固现在完成时知识点的典型练习题。
【难度系数】
0.7