五、根据短文内容,在文中空白处填入 1 个适当的单词,或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
(2025·江苏南通启东长江中学期中)
J. K. Rowling is famous around the world for being the writer of *Harry Potter*. She was born in the UK in 1965. When she was young, her aunt gave her a book by Jessica Mitford. Rowling fell in love with it and dreamed of
1 (become) a writer one day.
Years later, while she
2 (sit) on a train, she had the idea for *Harry Potter*. She soon started writing.
3 (lucky), she became a single mother and faced financial difficulties. Life was hard but she didn't give
4 writing. She even wrote in a cafe while her baby was
5 (sleep) by her side.
When Rowling took her first *Harry Potter* to publishers, several publishers refused it. They thought no people would like the story. Finally, the publisher Bloomsbury gave
6 hand. They made Rowling change her name to "J. K. Rowling"
7 of using her real name "Joanne Rowling", because they thought boys wouldn't read
8 (she) book if it was written by a woman.
Up to now, the *Harry Potter* books have sold over hundreds of millions of
9 (copy), won many prizes and have been translated into over 70 languages! And J. K. Rowling is the first person to become a billionaire by just being a writer. She gives lots of her money to charities to help
10 (home) children.
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解析:
【分析】
这是一篇人物传记类的语法填空题,解题时首先要通读全文,明确文章介绍J.K.罗琳创作《哈利波特》的相关经历,整体以过去时态为叙事主体,再逐个结合空格前后的语法规则、语义逻辑推导答案:
1. 先观察空格前后的搭配,判断是否属于固定介词、固定短语的用法,明确空格所需的词性要求;
2. 遇到括号内给出动词的情况,先判断该词作谓语还是非谓语,作谓语要结合时态语态变形,非谓语要判断是动名词、不定式还是分词形式;
3. 遇到给出形容词/名词的提示词时,判断空格修饰的成分,确定要转换为副词、形容词还是名词形式;
4. 没有给出提示词的空,通常填写介词、冠词、副词等虚词,结合固定搭配和上下文语义推导即可。
【解析】
1. 空格前dream of的of是介词,介词后接动词时要使用动名词形式,become的动名词形式为becoming。
2. while引导时间状语从句,强调过去某个时间段动作正在进行,需使用过去进行时,主语是she,对应结构为was sitting。
3. 后文提到她成为单亲妈妈、面临经济困难,属于不幸的遭遇,修饰整个句子要使用副词,lucky的否定副词形式是Unluckily,位于句首首字母大写。
4. 此处是固定搭配give up,意为“放弃”,符合语境“生活很艰难但她没有放弃写作”,填up。
5. 空格前是was,结合语境表示她的宝宝当时正在她身边睡觉,用过去进行时,sleep的现在分词形式为sleeping。
6. 固定搭配give a hand意为“伸出援手、帮忙”,填不定冠词a。
7. 固定搭配instead of意为“而不是、代替”,符合语境“他们让罗琳改名字而不是使用她的真名”,填instead。
8. 空格后有名词book,需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词,she对应的形容词性物主代词是her。
9. 空格前hundreds of millions of后接可数名词复数,copy的复数形式是copies。
10. 此处修饰名词children,结合语境是帮助无家可归的儿童,home对应的表示“无家可归的”形容词是homeless。
【答案】
1. becoming 2. was sitting 3. Unluckily 4. up 5. sleeping 6. a 7. instead 8. her 9. copies 10. homeless
【知识点】
介词用法,动词时态,词形转换
【点评】
本题选取学生熟悉的J.K.罗琳生平作为语料,考点覆盖初中阶段核心语法点,兼顾固定短语的识记考查,难度梯度平缓,既检验基础语法规则的掌握程度,也要求学生结合上下文语义判断词性转换的方向,比如否定副词、否定形容词的变形,能有效考查学生语法填空的综合解题能力。
【难度系数】
0.7