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五、阅读理解。〔人与社会——历史、社会与文化〕
One morning, an old fisherman threw his net into the sea four times. The first time there were only stones in his net. The second time there were only weeds. The third time it was empty. The fourth time there was a large jar in it.
He found the jar with a lid. He took off the lid and looked into the jar. He could not see anything. After a while the light smoke came slowly out of the jar. Then little by little, the smoke grew heavier and thicker till finally it turned into a terrible genie(妖怪)!
The genie made a promise that he would kill the person who let him out of the jar. He wanted to kill the fisherman, but the fisherman thought it was not fair to him because he set the genie free out of the jar.
The genie said that he would let the fisherman choose how he would die.
The fisherman was not frightened. He said, "Since I must die, I must do something. But before I die, answer me one question."
"All right, but be quick."
"Were you really in the jar? You are so big and the jar is so small that it could hardly hold one of your feet."
"Of course I was in the jar. Don't you believe me?"
"No, and I won't until I see you in the jar with my own eyes."
When he heard this, the genie changed into smoke. Slowly the smoke went back into the jar. When all of the smoke was in the jar, the fisherman quickly put the lid on the jar and threw it back into the sea.
1. Where did the genie come from?
A. The net.
B. The jar.
C. The weeds.
D. The stones.
2. The underlined word "frightened" means "
afraid
" in English.
A. happy
B. surprised
C. afraid
D. tired
3. What do you think of the old fisherman?
A. Foolish.
B. Clever.
C. Handsome.
D. Naughty.
4. What is the best title for this passage?
A. The story of the jar
B. The story of a clever fisherman
C. The story of the sea
D. The story of the lucky genie
答案:1~4. BCBB
解析:
【分析】
做这篇阅读理解时,首先通读全文梳理故事主线:老渔夫第四次撒网捞到一个密封罐子,打开后放出了罐子里的妖怪,妖怪要杀死放他出来的渔夫,渔夫没有慌乱,用计骗妖怪变回烟钻回罐子,重新封好罐子扔回大海。之后按照不同题型的解题逻辑逐一突破:细节题直接回原文定位对应描述找答案;词义猜测题结合上下文人物行为推断划线词含义;人物评价题结合人物的关键行为判断特质;主旨大意题抓住全文核心叙事主体,排除偏离主线的选项选出最优标题。
【解析】
1. 第1题:根据原文第二段的描述,渔夫打开罐子后,烟雾从罐中缓缓冒出,最终烟雾变成了妖怪,可知妖怪的来源是罐子,选B。
2. 第2题:划线词frightened的后文提到渔夫面对要杀死自己的妖怪,冷静想出了骗妖怪变回烟雾钻回罐子的自救计策,说明渔夫完全不害怕,frightened意为“害怕的”,和afraid含义一致,选C。
3. 第3题:渔夫在生死危机面前没有慌乱,靠智慧成功把妖怪重新关回罐子、完成自救,可见他的特质是聪明的,选B。
4. 第4题:全文所有情节都围绕老渔夫的经历展开,核心叙事是渔夫靠聪明才智战胜妖怪的故事。罐子只是故事道具,大海不是叙事核心,妖怪最终被扔回海里并不幸运,因此排除A、C、D,选B。
【答案】
1~4. BCBB
【知识点】
细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意
【点评】
本篇改编自经典民间故事《渔夫与魔鬼》,情节生动易懂,覆盖了初中英语阅读理解最常见的三类基础考点,既可以锻炼学生快速定位原文信息的阅读能力,也能引导学生遇到危机时不要慌乱,善用智慧化解困境。
【难度系数】
0.8
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