五、阅读与回答问题。
Many Beijing *hutong* were there hundreds of years ago during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. They keep not only the traditional culture but also the way of life in the past. People can go shopping, eat delicious food, and watch the street life by visiting the Beijing *hutong*. What's more, it's a good way to learn more about the daily life of people in Beijing.
A *hutong* is a lane with compounds(筑有围墙的场地) on both sides. The compounds are called *siheyuan*. In a *siheyuan*, buildings are arranged on four sides around a courtyard.
The *hutong* have interesting names, which tell their origin(起源), location, or history. They are the lanes where kids talk and play.
One of China's most famous writers, Lao She, was born in a *siheyuan* in the west of the city. The memories of his childhood in the *hutong* were so important to him that even after he had been away from Beijing for more than 20 years, he still clearly remembered them and wrote them into a novel called *Four Generations under One Roof*.
Now, Beijing still has about 3,000 *siheyuan* for people to live in. However, most *hutong* are in great danger because more and more new buildings have been built. So, we should try our best to protect *hutong*, the treasure of traditional Chinese culture.
1. When were many Beijing *hutong* built?
During the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
2. Who wrote the novel called *Four Generations under One Roof*?
Lao She did.
3. How many *siheyuan* does Beijing have for people to live in now?
About 3,000.
4. What can people do by visiting the Beijing *hutong*?
They can go shopping, eat delicious food, watch the street life and learn more about the daily life of people in Beijing.
5. What do you think of the Beijing *hutong*? (请自拟一句话作答)
They're the treasure of traditional Chinese culture. (答案不唯一,言之有理即可。)
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇介绍北京胡同文化的阅读问答题，解题时首先通读全文，明确文章围绕北京胡同的历史、特点、相关文化内容展开。之后逐个分析题干，划出每个问题的核心关键词，带着关键词回到原文对应段落定位相关内容，直接提取匹配的信息作答即可，前4道都是细节查找类题目，最后一道开放题结合文章主旨，围绕胡同的价值、意义组织通顺合理的语句即可。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段第一句"Many Beijing hutong were there hundreds of years ago during the Ming and Qing Dynasties"，直接提取胡同建造的对应时间信息即可。
2. 定位原文第四段内容，明确提到作家老舍将胡同相关的童年记忆写进了《四世同堂》这本小说，由此得出答案。
3. 定位原文最后一段第一句"Now, Beijing still has about 3,000 siheyuan for people to live in"，直接提取对应的数量信息。
4. 定位原文第一段第三、第四句，将两处提到的游览胡同可以做的活动整合，得到完整的答案内容。
5. 本题为开放性作答，结合文章末尾提到胡同是中国传统文化的瑰宝的表述，写出符合胡同特点、语句通顺的内容即可，言之有理都可得分。
【答案】
1. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
2. Lao She did.
3. About 3,000.
4. They can go shopping, eat delicious food, watch the street life and learn more about the daily life of people in Beijing.
5. They're the treasure of traditional Chinese culture. (答案不唯一,言之有理即可。)
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，文本信息提取，文化类阅读表达
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的文化主题阅读题，绝大多数题目都可以直接从原文找到对应答案，既考察了学生快速定位关键信息、提取整合内容的阅读能力，也向学生科普了北京胡同相关的传统文化知识，最后一道开放题引导学生主动思考文化遗产的价值，答题时注意不要出现单词拼写错误，开放题作答贴合文章主旨即可。
【难度系数】
0.8
