二、阅读理解
The Chinese character “*Fu*” is very important in Chinese culture. It means happiness and good luck. People use it to share their hopes for the new year.
The tradition of putting the “*Fu*” character on walls, doors and windows has been there for a long time. People in the Song Dynasty were already following this tradition. When we put the character on walls, it can be placed both in the usual way or upside down—as in Chinese the “upside-down *Fu*” sounds the same as “*Fu* comes”.
There is a story behind the “upside-down *Fu*”. Long ago, in the Ming Dynasty, the first emperor Zhu Yuanzhang planned to kill a family. He marked them with the Chinese character “*Fu*”. His wife, Lady Ma, wanted to save the family. She ordered every family to put up the character “*Fu*” in front of their doors. All the people did as she said, but one family, who couldn’t read, put the character upside down. The next day, when the soldiers (士兵) went out, they found the character everywhere, including the upside-down one.
The emperor was very angry. He ordered the soldiers to kill the family with the “upside-down *Fu*”. Lady Ma quickly said, “That family knew you would visit them today, so they did that on purpose (特意地). Doesn’t that mean ‘*Fu* comes’ today?” The emperor agreed with his wife and decided to let the family go. After that people put the “*Fu*” character upside down to wish for good luck and remember Lady Ma.
(
B
) 1. When did people start to put up the character “*Fu*”?
A. In the Ming Dynasty.
B. In the Song Dynasty.
C. In the Qing Dynasty.
D. In the Tang Dynasty.
(
B
) 2. What kind of person was Lady Ma?
A. Lazy and careless.
B. Clever and kind.
C. Friendly and interesting.
D. Cold and hard-working.
(
C
) 3. In which part of the newspaper can we find this passage?
A. Fashion.
B. Education.
C. Culture.
D. People.
解析:
【解析】
1. 第1题:根据文章第二段“People in the Song Dynasty were already following this tradition.”可知,宋代人们就已有贴“福”字的传统,故选B。
2. 第2题:马皇后为救被皇帝标记的家族,下令家家户户贴“福”字;当皇帝要惩罚贴倒“福”的家族时,她机智用“倒福谐音福到”的说法化解危机,可见她聪明又善良,故选B。
3. 第3题:本文围绕中国文化中“福”字的意义、贴福传统及相关故事展开,属于文化类内容,因此可在报纸的文化板块找到,故选C。
【答案】
1. B 2. B 3. C
【知识点】
细节理解、推理判断、中国文化常识
【点评】
本文介绍了中国文化中“福”字的含义、贴福传统及倒福的由来,既考查学生对文章细节的捕捉与推理能力,也能帮助学生了解传统文化知识。
【难度系数】
0.7