三、信息还原
The earth is our home. We must take care of it. This means keeping the land, air and water clean.
Pollution is a "dirty word". To pollute means to make things unfit or unclean to use.
1. ______ We see it, smell it, taste it and drink it. Pollution is beginning to threaten our health, our happiness and our life.
Man has been polluting the earth from the time he first made a fire, washed his clothes in the river and threw his waste on the ground. 2.
There was plenty of clean air, land and water. There weren't so many people then and their wants were fewer. All the dirty things could be taken in by nature and soon be covered over.
But this is no longer true now. The increase of the population and the development of industry have changed that. 3.
Through the use of poison, man has polluted land and killed the animals. By putting dirty water and chemicals into rivers and lakes, we have polluted our drinking water and killed the fish.
4.
More people, more waste.
Where is this all going to end? Are we turning the world into a big rubbish bin, or is there any hope that we can get rid of pollution? 5.
They are now working hard to bring pollution under control.
A. Pollution comes in many ways. B. Man might not be able to live on the earth.
C. At first, the problem was not so serious.
D. Our increasing population is part of the problem.
E. There will be more and more people in the world.
F. Human activities have greatly influenced the earth in harmful ways.
G. Luckily, more and more people have been aware of the danger of pollution.
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇环保主题的说明文类信息还原题，解题时首先通读全文，明确文章核心脉络是介绍地球污染的起源、发展现状以及人类的应对举措。接下来逐空定位上下文，通过句间的逻辑关系、关键词呼应来匹配选项：首先观察第1空后文列举了我们通过多种感官感知污染的描述，对应污染形式多样的选项；第2空后文描述过去洁净资源充足、污染极轻的状态，和前文人类很早就开始污染地球形成转折，对应早期污染问题不严重的选项；第3空前文点明人口增长和工业发展打破了过去自然消解污染的平衡，后文列举了人类污染土地、污染水体的具体行为，需要一个总起句衔接前后；第4空后文直接点出“更多人，更多垃圾”，对应和人口增长相关的问题描述；第5空后文提到人们主动管控污染，对应人们意识到污染危害的前提，最后排除无关干扰项即可得到正确答案。
【解析】
1. 空后句“We see it, smell it, taste it and drink it.”说明污染可以通过多种感官被感知，存在多种不同的存在形式，A选项“Pollution comes in many ways.”（污染有多种形式）完美呼应后文内容，故选A。
2. 空后句描述过去有充足的洁净空气、土地和水源，人口少需求少，自然可以消解所有污染物，说明早期污染问题并不严重，C选项“At first, the problem was not so serious.”（起初，这个问题并没有这么严重）承接前文人类很早就开始污染地球的背景，引出后文过去污染轻微的状态，逻辑通顺，故选C。
3. 空前提到人口增长和工业发展改变了过去的状态，后文分别列举人类使用毒药污染土地、排放污水化学品污染河湖的具体有害行为，F选项“Human activities have greatly influenced the earth in harmful ways.”（人类活动已经以诸多有害的方式严重影响了地球）起到总领后文具体污染行为的作用，衔接自然，故选F。
4. 空后句“More people, more waste.”直接点明人口数量和垃圾产出的关联，D选项“Our increasing population is part of the problem.”（我们不断增长的人口是污染问题的一部分）正好呼应后文的逻辑，故选D。
5. 空后句“They are now working hard to bring pollution under control.”提到人们努力管控污染，G选项“Luckily, more and more people have been aware of the danger of pollution.”（幸运的是，越来越多人已经意识到了污染的危害）是后文人们主动治理污染的前提，语义连贯，故选G。
【答案】
1.A 2.C 3.F 4.D 5.G
【知识点】
语篇逻辑衔接，说明文信息还原
【点评】
本题是初中英语典型的信息还原题型，主题贴近日常环保常识，整体逻辑线索清晰，重点考察学生对句间语义呼应、上下文逻辑关系的判断能力，解题时可以通过抓前后文的关键词快速匹配选项，排除语义无关的干扰项即可得出正确答案。
【难度系数】
0.7
