C 核心素养 中华优秀传统文化
In summer, people use their fans to cool off. But the Chinese fan is not just a tool for cooling down. It's an important part of Chinese culture.
The history of the Chinese fans dates back to over 3,000 years ago. One of the earliest known "fans" was named shanhan(扇汗). They weren't like the fans we see today. People used them to hide from the sun and protect themselves from the rain on a horse-drawn carriage(马车). The shanhan then changed into a long-handled fan called the zhangshan(障扇). This type of fan was made of silk or bird feathers and was mainly used by the king's honour guard(仪仗队) for decoration. It wasn't until the Zhou Dynasty that people started using folding fans to cool down.
In the Han Dynasty, more common people started using fans because cheaper bamboo fans had been made. These fans stayed popular until the Tang and Song Dynasties. At the same time, a new type of silk fan was also brought in. Young women loved the silk fans because they were round to
resemble the moon. They were also called "round fans" or "tuanshan".
The ribs(扇骨) of these silk round fans were made from bamboo or animal bones. The handles of fans usually had different designs. The main part of the fan often had calligraphy(书法) and scenes, like mountains or flowers. Folding fans mainly had panels(扇面) and ribs. For the ribs, people used different kinds of materials, including wood, bones and bamboo. The panels of the folding fan were usually made of paper, silk or other materials. They left an empty space for artists to paint on. Their calligraphy work and painted scenes added colours to the fans.
From the Song Dynasty, fan painting became a special kind of art. Fans with pictures of birds and flowers were popular among young women. Men, however, liked fans decorated with calligraphy. Mythical(神话的) creatures were also popular. Dragons were often painted onto men's fans while ladies usually preferred phoenixes(凤凰).
( )33. When did people begin using fans to cool off?
A. In the Zhou Dynasty.
B. In the Han Dynasty.
C. In the Tang Dynasty.
D. In the Song Dynasty.
(
B
)34. Why did fans become popular among common people?
A. Because more people learned to make fans.
B. Because cheaper bamboo fans were made.
C. Because a new type of silk fan was brought in.
D. Because people wanted to cool down in summer.
(
B
)35. What is the underlined word "resemble" in the third paragraph similar(相似的) to?
A. Cut out.
B. Look like.
C. Turn into.
D. Make up.
(
C
)36.(创新考法·篇章结构)Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?
