一、根据句意及首字母提示写出单词。
1. Every careful s
troke
of the painter's brush makes the picture livelier.
2. After climbing up the five floors quickly, I was out of b
reath
and had to rest for a while.
3. — I saw my mum standing in the d
oorway
, waiting for me to come home after school.
— She must be worried about you. My mum often does the same when I'm late.
4. When the rain stopped suddenly, the lake became s
till
and reflected the blue sky clearly.
5. — My parents always hope I can get into a good high school, which gives me much p
ressure
.
— You should communicate with them and tell them your true feelings.
答案：1. stroke 2. breath 3. doorway 4. still 5. pressure
解析：
【分析】
做这类根据首字母及句意填词的题目，需先通读句子理解语境，再结合给出的首字母，回忆符合语境的常用单词，同时注意固定搭配的用法，确保填入的单词符合语法和语义逻辑。
【解析】
1. 句意为“画家每一个仔细的笔触都让这幅画更生动”，首字母为s，stroke意为“笔触”，符合语境；
2. 固定搭配out of breath意为“上气不接下气”，首字母为b，填breath；
3. 句意为“我看到妈妈站在门口等我放学回家”，首字母为d，doorway意为“门口”，符合语境；
4. 句意为“雨突然停了，湖面变得平静，清晰地反射出蓝天”，首字母为s，still意为“平静的”，符合语境；
5. 句意为“父母总希望我能上好高中，这给我很多压力”，首字母为p，pressure意为“压力”，符合语境。
【答案】
1. stroke 2. breath 3. doorway 4. still 5. pressure
【知识点】
词汇运用、固定搭配、词义辨析
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础词汇考查题，侧重语境理解和常用词汇、固定搭配的掌握，是常见的基础题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
1. — I often see you reading in the library after class. Do you really enjoy reading so much?
— Of course! I always
C
reading different kinds of books in my free time.
A.take care of
B.take pride in
C.take pleasure in
D.take part in
答案：C
解析：
【分析】首先理解对话语境：问句询问对方是否真的非常喜欢阅读，答语表示肯定，需选择能体现“乐于做某事”含义的短语。接下来辨析四个选项的短语含义，结合语境匹配正确选项。
【解析】先翻译对话：“我经常看到你课后在图书馆读书，你真的这么喜欢读书吗？”“当然！我空闲时总是________读不同种类的书。”A选项take care of意为“照顾”；B选项take pride in意为“为……骄傲”；C选项take pleasure in意为“乐于，以……为乐”；D选项take part in意为“参加（活动等）”。结合语境，此处表达喜欢读书，即乐于读书，因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】动词短语辨析
【点评】本题考查常用动词短语的词义辨析，需结合语境理解短语含义，是初中英语常见基础题型，侧重短语积累与语境运用。
【难度系数】0.5
2. — Look! The national flag is rising slowly in the wind. It looks so magnificent.
— Yes. Every time I see it, I have a strong feeling of
D
from the bottom of my heart.
A.project
B.prize
C.price
D.pride
答案：D
解析：
【分析】首先理解对话语境：一方感叹国旗在风中缓缓升起很壮观，另一方回应每次看到国旗会从心底产生强烈的某种情感。接下来辨析各选项名词的含义，结合语境选出符合的词汇。
【解析】先分析语境：对话围绕国旗升起的场景，表达的是看到国旗时的正向情感。逐一分析选项：A项project意为“项目”，B项prize意为“奖品”，C项price意为“价格”，均不符合语境；D项pride意为“骄傲”，“a strong feeling of pride”（强烈的自豪感）符合看到国旗升起时的情感，因此选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】名词词义辨析；语境运用
【点评】本题考查基础名词的词义辨析，需结合对话的情感语境判断合适的词汇，属于英语基础题型，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.8
3.（易错题）The scientists got as
close
as they could to the wild animals to watch them
closely
.
A.closely; close
B.closely; closed
C.close; closely
D.close; closed
答案：C
易错警示
3. 本题极易误选A，学生极易混淆close（副词，靠近）与closely（副词，仔细地），第一空表“靠近”用close，第二空表“仔细地”用closely。
解析：
【分析】首先明确close和closely作为副词的语义差异：close作副词时侧重空间距离近，意为“靠近地”；closely作副词侧重动作的细致程度，意为“仔细地”。再结合句子语境分析：第一空修饰动词got，表“靠近野生动物”的距离，需用表距离的副词close；第二空修饰动词watch，表“仔细观察”的动作，需用表程度的副词closely，据此推导答案。
【解析】本题考查易混副词的用法辨析。①副词用法辨析：close可作副词，表“靠近，接近”，指向空间距离近；closely作副词，表“仔细地，密切地”，指向动作的细致程度。②语境分析：第一空“got as ___ as”中，got此处意为“靠近”，需用表距离近的副词close；第二空“watch them ___”中，watch是动词，需用表“仔细地”的副词closely修饰，因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】副词辨析；close与closely的用法
【点评】本题为易错题，核心是区分close和closely作为副词的语义侧重，学生易因混淆两者用法误选，需结合语境判断副词的具体含义。
【难度系数】0.3
4. — Why are you busy with those red paper cuttings?
— We will
B
the Chinese character “Xi” on the wall for the coming celebration.
A.look up
B.put up
C.give up
D.pick up
答案：B
解析：
【分析】这道题考查英语动词短语的词义辨析，解题时需先明确每个选项短语的含义，再结合题干语境（为庆祝活动准备在墙上贴“喜”字），选择符合语境的短语即可。
【解析】逐一分析选项：A项look up意为“查阅（资料）、抬头看”；B项put up意为“张贴、搭建”；C项give up意为“放弃”；D项pick up意为“捡起、接人、学会”。题干语境是为即将到来的庆祝活动，要把“喜”字贴在墙上，只有put up符合语境，因此选B。
【答案】B
【知识点】动词短语辨析
【点评】本题属于英语基础题型，侧重考查常见动词短语的含义，结合语境即可快速选出答案，难度较低，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】0.8
三、句子翻译。
1. 看到这么多精彩的画作，我感到很惊讶。
I was amazed to see so many wonderful paintings.
2. 学好一门外语需要大量的练习。
Learning a foreign language well requires plenty of practice.
3. 阅读能培养我们的思考能力，并让我们懂得坚持(perseverance)的重要性。
Reading can develop our ability to think and teach us the importance of perseverance.
4. 小村庄在几年间发展成了一座现代化城镇。
The small village has developed into a modern town over a few years.
5. 每当我感到有压力时，我都会听音乐来放松。
Whenever I feel under pressure, I will listen to music to relax.
答案：1. I was amazed to see so many wonderful paintings.
2. Learning a foreign language well requires plenty of practice.
3. Reading can develop our ability to think and teach us the importance of perseverance.
4. The small village has developed into a modern town over a few years.
5. Whenever I feel under pressure, I will listen to music to relax.
解析：
【分析】
汉译英需先拆解中文句子的核心成分（主语、谓语、宾语等），确定时态与固定搭配，再按英语表达习惯调整语序，避免中式英语。需注意：1. 表情感的“感到惊讶”用be amazed to do结构；2. 动名词可作主语表动作；3. 现在完成时表从过去到现在的变化；4. whenever引导的时间状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则。
【解析】
1. 核心成分：主语I，谓语be amazed（一般过去时），“看到这么多精彩画作”译为so many wonderful paintings，组合得：I was amazed to see so many wonderful paintings。
2. 核心成分：“学好一门外语”用动名词短语Learning a foreign language well作主语，谓语requires，“大量的练习”译为plenty of practice，组合得：Learning a foreign language well requires plenty of practice。
3. 核心成分：主语Reading，谓语为can develop和teach，“培养我们的思考能力”译为develop our ability to think，“懂得坚持的重要性”译为teach us the importance of perseverance，组合得：Reading can develop our ability to think and teach us the importance of perseverance。
4. 核心成分：主语The small village，谓语develop into，“现代化城镇”译为a modern town，时间状语“几年间”译为over a few years，时态用现在完成时表结果，组合得：The small village has developed into a modern town over a few years。
5. 核心成分：whenever引导时间状语从句，从句用一般现在时（feel under pressure），主句用一般将来时（will listen to music to relax），组合得：Whenever I feel under pressure, I will listen to music to relax。
【答案】
1. I was amazed to see so many wonderful paintings.
2. Learning a foreign language well requires plenty of practice.
3. Reading can develop our ability to think and teach us the importance of perseverance.
4. The small village has developed into a modern town over a few years.
5. Whenever I feel under pressure, I will listen to music to relax.
【知识点】
固定短语搭配、动名词作主语、时态运用
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础汉译英题型，考察核心短语、基本句式和常用时态，只要掌握基础词汇与搭配即可正确作答，是英语学习的核心基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.8
