十一 新趋势 传统文化 阅读短文，完成下列任务。(8分)
Confucius lives for 73 years. He has a long life and has a lot of ways to keep good health. First of all, he has a big heart and he opens it up to everyone. His dream is that the old live an easy life, friends believe in him, and the young think of him. He has a simple life. He always says, “People can eat coarse grains(粗粮), drink cold water and bend their arms as a pillow(枕头)”. Secondly, Confucius is very careful about his eating habits because he thinks it’s good for his mind and body. He never eats food that goes bad. He never speaks while eating. Lastly, he likes music and exercise. He can play the guqin. He also likes to travel around the world(环游世界). He is strict with himself. One of his famous sayings is, “Don’t do to others what you don’t want others to do to you.”
（一）阅读短文，选择正确的答案。(6分)
(
B
)1. How long does Confucius live?
A. 63 years. B. 73 years. C. 83 years.
(
C
)2. What do we know about Confucius’s eating habits?
A. He never eats coarse grains. B. He always talks during meals.
C. He never speaks while eating.
(
A
)3. Which of the following is NOT a way Confucius keeps good health?
A. He never does exercise or travels. B. He never eats bad food.
C. He has a big heart and opens it up to everyone.
（二）阅读短文，回答下列问题。(2分)
1. Why is Confucius very careful about his eating?
Because he thinks it's good for his mind and body.
2. What’s the Chinese meaning of the underlined sentence?
己所不欲，勿施于人。
解析：
【分析】
做本题时，需先明确各题型考查方向，带着问题回原文定位关键词，逐一比对信息作答：1. 选择题需定位题干关键词，匹配原文对应内容排除错误选项；2. 问答题需直接提取原文相关信息或结合文化常识作答。
【解析】
（一）选择题解析：
1. 定位原文第一句“Confucius lives for 73 years”，可知孔子活了73年，对应选项B，故选B。
2. 定位原文关于饮食习惯的描述：“He never speaks while eating”，选项C与原文一致；A选项与原文“People can eat coarse grains”矛盾，B选项与原文“He never speaks while eating”矛盾，故选C。
3. 定位原文孔子的养生方式：心胸开阔、简单生活、良好饮食习惯、音乐与旅行。A选项“从不锻炼和旅行”与原文“He likes music and exercise... likes to travel”不符；B选项“从不吃变质食物”是养生方式，C选项“心胸开阔”是养生方式，故选A。
（二）问答题解析：
1. 定位原文“Confucius is very careful about his eating habits because he thinks it’s good for his mind and body”，直接提取原因作答。
2. 划线句是孔子的经典名言“Don’t do to others what you don’t want others to do to you”，结合文化常识，其中文意思为“己所不欲，勿施于人”。
【答案】
(一)1.B 2.C 3.A；(二)1.Because he thinks it's good for his mind and body. 2.己所不欲，勿施于人。
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、句子翻译
【点评】
本题以传统文化（孔子）为主题设计英语阅读题，考查学生信息定位与提取能力，题型基础，既贴合英语阅读考查要求，又渗透了传统文化知识，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
