五、阅读短文，完成下面的思维导图。
My favourite book is The Old Man and the Sea. I wrote a book report about it. The American writer Ernest Hemingway published(出版) it in 1952. The book became popular very quickly. In 1953, it won the Pulitzer Prize.
The main characters are an old fisherman (Santiago) and a little boy (Manolin). Santiago doesn't catch anything for months but he never stops trying. One day he catches a big fish, but he has to fight for days to kill it. He finally succeeds, but he can't pull the fish onto his boat. On his way back, sharks eat the fish, leaving nothing but bones.
This book teaches me to try my best to achieve my goal. The fisherman fights hard, though he loses the fish in the end. As Hemingway said, “Man is not made for defeat. A man can be destroyed but not defeated.”
The Old Man and the Sea
Writer — Ernest Hemingway
Main characters
├─ The 1.
old
fisherman: Santiago
└─ The 2.
little
3.
boy
: Manolin
Storyline
├─ Santiago 4.
catches
a big fish.
├─ Santi
5.
has/tries
to fight for
│ 6.
days
to kill the fish.
└─ Sharks eat the fish.
Lessons
├─ Always 7.
try
our 8.
best
.
└─ Be brave and positive.
答案：1. old 2. little 3. boy 4. catches 5. has/tries 6. days 7. try 8. best
解析：
【分析】
解题思路：先通读短文，明确思维导图各模块（人物、故事情节、道理）的对应内容，再针对每个空的位置，在短文中定位相关描述，提取匹配的词汇填写。需注意对应原文的细节信息，确保答案与原文一致。
【解析】
1. 对应原文“an old fisherman (Santiago)”，填old；
2、3对应原文“a little boy (Manolin)”，分别填little、boy；
4对应原文“One day he catches a big fish”，填catches；
5对应原文“he has to fight for days”，可填has或tries；
6对应原文“fight for days”，填days；
7、8对应原文“teaches me to try my best to achieve my goal”，分别填try、best。
【答案】
1. old 2. little 3. boy 4. catches 5. has/tries 6. days 7. try 8. best
【知识点】
英语阅读填空、短文信息定位
【点评】
本题为基础的阅读信息匹配题，考查学生从短文中提取关键信息的能力，只要仔细阅读短文、定位对应细节即可完成，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.3
