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五、词语运用。
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。
Earthquakes usually come without warning. What should you do if this happens to you? An earthquake is d
, but there are still things you can do to protect y
.
Stay calm as the earth begins to shake. Your survival chances in an earthquake will increase if you can keep calm. S ______ calm is not easy, but it can save your life.
If you are inside when an earthquake starts, get under a table or a bed. You need to have something strong around you to protect you from f
objects. Do not stand near w
or windows and stay out of the kitchen. The kitchen is dangerous because of many glass objects.
If you are outside, get to an o
area as fast as you can. Stay away from buildings and trees. If you are in a car, p
over to a place where there are no trees or tall buildings and stay in the car. If you are close to the sea, try to g
as far away from the water as possible. Earthquakes can cause huge waves that can harm the people nearby.
When the earthquake is over, there is still plenty of danger. For example, fires often come with an earthquake. If you see a fire, q
move outdoors to an open area.
Always remember to hope for the best but p
for the worst.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

答案：1. dangerous 2. yourself 3. Staying 4. falling 5. walls 6. open 7. pull 8. get 9. quickly 10. prepare
解析：
【分析】本题为根据短文内容及首字母提示填单词的词语运用题，解题时需先通读全文把握主旨（介绍地震来临时的自救方法），再结合每个空格的语境、首字母提示，同时考虑语法规则（如词性、句子结构、固定搭配）来确定合适的单词。例如，第一个空描述地震的属性，结合首字母d可联想到“危险的”；第二个空表达“保护你自己”，对应反身代词；第三个空需动名词作主语，对应“保持”的动名词形式，以此类推，逐一推导每个空格的正确单词。
【解析】1. 句意：地震是危险的，结合首字母d，填形容词dangerous；2. 句意：但你仍能做些事保护你自己，结合首字母y，填反身代词yourself；3. 此处需动名词作主语，表达“保持冷静”，首字母s，填Staying；4. 句意：保护你免受掉落的物体伤害，首字母f，填形容词falling；5. 句意：不要站在靠近墙或窗户的地方，首字母w，填名词复数walls；6. 句意：到开阔区域，首字母o，填形容词open；7. 固定搭配pull over（靠边停车），首字母p，填pull；8. 句意：尽可能远离水，首字母g，填get；9. 句意：快速移动到户外，首字母q，填副词quickly；10. 固定搭配prepare for（为……做准备），首字母p，填prepare。
【答案】1. dangerous 2. yourself 3. Staying 4. falling 5. walls 6. open 7. pull 8. get 9. quickly 10. prepare
【知识点】首字母填空、词语运用、固定搭配
【点评】本题围绕地震自救主题，考查学生对词汇的掌握及语境运用能力，需结合上下文逻辑和首字母提示推导，兼具实用性与知识性。
【难度系数】0.6
六、完形填空。
I was tired. If my whole body ever did fall in, I'd never get out of the quicksand. It had been about five hours since Jess, my partner, left to ask for help. It was snowing heavily and it was getting
dark
.
A few hours later, I saw a beam of light. I prayed it was a plane, but it was the moonlight shining over the canyon(峡谷) walls. I was all wet and knew I was
dying
. I started to think about what I could do to end up faster. But I didn't want to be engulfed by quicksand. That would be the
worst
way to go.
An hour later, another beam of light
appeared
across my eyes. A flashlight! I shouted for help. A man shouted back as he ran to me. He said that his name was Tim and that Jess had
contacted
rescuers. And the other team members were an hour behind him.
When the three others
arrived
, they set up a pulley(滑轮) system to pull me out, tying a strong rope around a stone. Two of the rescuers held me under each
arm
as Tim wrapped a rope around my knees. The fourth rescuer worked the pulley. With each
pull
, it felt as if my legs were being cut off. Tim dug into the
sand
and got a hand around my legs and started pulling up. I felt a great pain, but I could feel my legs moving. "Keep going!" I shouted.
Pulling again and again, my legs were
freed
. The rescuers drew me to the side of the canyon because I couldn't walk. I couldn't feel my legs. It was too dark and
snowy
for a plane to land, so they got me into a sleeping bag and gave me medicine. Then we
stayed
there for the night.
When I woke up at 6 a. m., snow
covered
the top of my sleeping bag, and snowflakes were still coming down. Around noon, the snow stopped, and the rescuers called in a plane.
My legs were swollen(肿胀的) to the size of my thigh(大腿),
but
when I got to the hospital, X-rays showed no fractures or breaks. I had sat in the quicksand for 12 hours and thought for sure I would
die
. But I didn't.
(
B
)1. A. hot B. dark C. warm D. bright
(
A
)2. A. dying B. lying C. crying D. calling
(
D
)3. A. easiest B. best C. fastest D. worst
(
B
)4. A. failed B. appeared C. left D. stopped
(
B
)5. A. taught B. contacted C. watched D. helped
(
C
)6. A. stopped B. left C. arrived D. talked
(
B
)7. A. leg B. arm C. eye D. ear
(
A
)8. A. pull B. push C. drop D. fall
(
C
)9. A. water B. wood C. sand D. grass
(
D
)10. A. burnt B. broken C. hurt D. freed
(
B
)11. A. cloudy B. snowy C. rainy D. windy
(
B
)12. A. enjoyed B. stayed C. played D. worked
(
A
)13. A. covered B. hit C. faced D. reached
(
C
)14. A. or B. so C. but D. and
(
D
)15. A. jump B. live C. rest D. die
答案：1. B 【点拨】hot 热的；dark 黑暗的；warm 温暖的；bright 明亮的。根据“the moonlight shining over the canyon（峡谷）walls”可知，天要黑了。故选 B。
2. A 【点拨】根据“I started to think about what I could do to end up faster”可知，作者知道自己要死了。故选 A。
3. D 【点拨】easiest 最容易的；best 最好的；fastest 最快的；worst 最差的。根据“But I didn't want to be engulfed by quicksand.”可知，作者不想被流沙掩埋，因为这是最糟糕的死法。故选 D。
4. B 【点拨】fail 失败；appear 出现；leave 离开；stop 停止。根据句意可知，另一道光出现了。故选 B。
5. B 【点拨】teach 教；contact 联系；watch 观看；help 帮助。根据“since Jess, my partner, left to ask for help”可知，杰斯联系上救援人员了。故选 B。
6. C 【点拨】stop 停止；leave 离开；arrive 到达；talk 谈论。根据语境可知，其他三名救援人员也到了。故选 C。
7. B 【点拨】leg 腿；arm 胳膊；eye 眼睛；ear 耳朵。根据语境可知选 B。
8. A 【点拨】pull 拉；push 推；drop 跌落；fall 掉落。根据“pulling up”及“Pulling again and again”可知，是要把作者拉出来。故选 A。
9. C 【点拨】water 水；wood 木头；sand 沙子；grass 草地。根据“I'd never get out of the quicksand”可知选 C。
10. D 【点拨】burn 燃烧；break 破，裂；hurt 伤害；free 使自由。根据“The rescuers drew me to the side of the canyon because I couldn't walk.”可知，作者被救出来了，所以腿彻底自由了。故选 D。
11. B 【点拨】cloudy 多云的；snowy 下雪的；rainy 阴雨的；windy 多风的。根据“It was snowing heavily”可知，雪下得很大。故选 B。
12. B 【点拨】enjoy 喜欢；stay 停留；play 玩；work 工作。根据“It was too dark”及“so they got me into a sleeping bag”可知，天太黑了，雪下得也大，飞机无法着陆，所以要在那里过夜。故选 B。
13. A 【点拨】由前文知，此句意为“当我早上六点醒来时，雪覆盖在我的睡袋上面”。cover 覆盖；hit 击，打；face 面对；reach 到达。故选 A。
14. C 【点拨】or 或者；so 因此；but 但是；and 和。空前后是转折关系，用 but 连接。故选 C。
15. D 【点拨】jump 跳跃；live 居住；rest 休息；die 死亡。根据前文内容可知，作者曾以为自己死定了。故选 D。
解析：
【分析】
做完形填空需先通读全文把握主旨（本文讲述作者被困流沙后等待救援最终获救的经历），再结合每个空的上下文线索、词义辨析逐一确定答案：先找前后文的提示词（如第1空的“月光”），再分析词汇含义（如第3空的“worst”对应不想被流沙吞没的心理），最后结合逻辑关系（如第14空的转折关系）判断选项。
【解析】
1. 根据后文“the moonlight shining over the canyon”可知天变黑了，选B（dark）。
2. 根据前文作者被困流沙、后文“start to think about what I could do to end up faster”可知作者知道自己濒临死亡，选A（dying）。
3. 根据前文“didn't want to be engulfed by quicksand”可知被流沙吞没是最糟糕的死法，选D（worst）。
4. 句意是另一道光出现，选B（appeared）。
5. 根据前文“Jess left to ask for help”可知杰斯联系了救援人员，选B（contacted）。
6. 句意是其他三名救援人员到达，选C（arrived）。
7. 救援时两名救援人员扶着作者的胳膊，选B（arm）。
8. 救援是拉作者出来，选A（pull）。
9. 作者被困在流沙里，救援人员挖沙子，选C（sand）。
10. 作者被救出来，腿不再被流沙困住（被释放），选D（freed）。
11. 根据前文“it was snowing heavily”可知雪很大，选B（snowy）。
12. 因为天黑雪大无法降落飞机，所以在原地过夜，选B（stayed）。
13. 雪覆盖在睡袋上，选A（covered）。
14. 腿肿胀但无骨折，是转折关系，选C（but）。
15. 作者曾以为自己会死，选D（die）。
【答案】1.B 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.D 11.B 12.B 13.A 14.C 15.D
【知识点】完形填空解题、词义辨析、语境理解
【点评】本文为记叙文完形，围绕作者被困流沙获救的经历展开，重点考查学生对上下文语境的理解能力及词汇的词义辨析，需结合语篇线索逐一分析选项，难度适中，注重语篇逻辑的把握。
【难度系数】0.5
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