七、阅读短文，回答问题（10分）
Beethoven is born in 1770 in Bonn, Germany and began learning the piano when he was only four. Beethoven visited Vienna, which was a very musical city, in 1787. Two other famous composers lived in Vienna at that time. Wolfgang Mozart and Joseph Haydn met Beethoven and gave his music high praise. Beethoven made friends in Vienna and moved there in 1792. He studied music with Haydn and lived in Vienna for the rest of his life.
Beethoven is famous as a great pianist, but he is also best known for composing powerful music of his own. He always seemed to have musical ideas in his head. His notebooks show how hard he worked to get the music just right. He often wrote and then revised（修改）his music by scratching it out（勾画）, so it is possible for us to see how he was thinking about the music.
During the late 1790s, Beethoven began to lose his hearing. This was a terrible blow（打击）to a musician who lived for sound. At first, it was difficult for him to hear people and talk with them. Even when he became completely deaf, he did not stop creating music, however. He heard music in his mind even though he couldn't hear it with his ears.
Most people have heard of Beethoven's "Symphony（交响乐）No. 5", but they may not know he wrote it when he was growing deaf. A symphony is a long piece of music for an orchestra（交响乐团）. "Symphony No. 5" starts like this: ta-ta-ta-TUM. Beethoven used this pattern over and over in his symphony. Try saying it aloud two times: ta-ta-ta-TUM, ta-ta-ta-TUM. This simple rhythm has become one of the most famous sounds in classical music.
1. When did Beethoven begin to learn to play the piano?
When he was only four/In 1774.
2. Which city influenced Beethoven most in his musical life?
Vienna.
3. What is Beethoven known as?
A pianist and a composer.
4. During the late 1790s, what difficulty did Beethoven face?
He began to lose his hearing.
5. What can you learn from Beethoven's experiences?
We should never give up easily when facing difficulties.
解析：
【分析】本题为英语阅读理解题，解题思路如下：1. 先通读短文，把握文章围绕贝多芬生平、成就及困境展开的核心内容；2. 针对前4道细节题，带着问题回到原文定位对应语句，提取关键信息作答；3. 第5道主观题需结合贝多芬失聪仍坚持创作的经历，提炼合理启示。
【解析】1. 定位短文第一段第一句“began learning the piano when he was only four”，结合其1770年出生，四岁对应1774年，故答案为When he was only four/In 1774；2. 第一段提到贝多芬前往维也纳，在此结识音乐家并定居，维也纳对其音乐生涯影响最大，故答案为Vienna；3. 第二段第一句明确指出贝多芬“famous as a great pianist, but he is also best known for composing powerful music”，故答案为A pianist and a composer；4. 第三段第一句说明“During the late 1790s, Beethoven began to lose his hearing”，故答案为He began to lose his hearing；5. 结合贝多芬失聪仍坚持音乐创作的经历，可提炼出面对困难不轻易放弃的启示，故答案为We should never give up easily when facing difficulties。
【答案】1. When he was only four/In 1774. 2. Vienna. 3. A pianist and a composer. 4. He began to lose his hearing. 5. We should never give up easily when facing difficulties.
【知识点】英语阅读理解；细节信息提取；主旨感悟
【点评】本题围绕贝多芬的生平展开英语阅读考查，前4题侧重原文细节定位，难度较低，第5题考查情感态度价值观的感悟，整体贴合学生认知，能有效检验学生的英语阅读能力。
【难度系数】0.6
