四、语法填空
Water overflows(溢出)onto dry land and a flood happens. People were usually in fear and had to get away if the river 1.
flooded
(flood) their home in the past. Later, smart Chinese people started to build dams(堤坝)2.
to protect
(protect) the lands from river flooding.
Floods can be dangerous. They often leave the villages or towns in a terrible state. People may be 3.
trapped
(trap) in a place for days without food. However, floods are not always bad. When muddy floodwater goes down, it sometimes leaves a layer(层)of wet earth(泥土). People in the past grew their crops, like rice and corn, by 4.
using
(use) the wet earth.
Most often, heavy rain causes a flood 5.
to happen
(happen). After the rain, the ground becomes full of water, and new rainwater runs off, or flows downhill. The extra(多余的)water makes the water level(水位线)rise. If the level 6.
rises
(rise) too much, a flood will happen.
Flash floods(暴洪)are 7.
the most serious
(serious) kind of all the floods. They are caused by sudden heavy rainfall or a 8.
broken
(break) dam. They happen very 9.
quickly
(quick) and can catch people before they are able to get away. Flash floods often happen in hilly countries or around dry riverbeds. In a flash flood, a completely dry riverbed can fill in 10.
minutes
(minute).
解析:
【分析】
做语法填空时,需结合句子时态、非谓语动词用法、固定搭配、词性转换、从句规则等知识点逐一分析每个空:1. 根据时间标志in the past确定时态;2. 表目的用不定式;3. 固定搭配be trapped;4. 介词by后接动名词;5. 固定搭配cause sth to do;6. 条件状语从句主将从现;7. 三者以上用形容词最高级;8. 修饰名词用形容词;9. 修饰动词用副词;10. 固定短语in minutes。
【解析】
1. 句中时间状语为in the past(过去),句子用一般过去时,故填flooded;
2. 此处表示建造堤坝的目的,用动词不定式作目的状语,故填to protect;
3. 固定搭配be trapped in意为“被困在……”,此处用过去分词构成被动语态,故填trapped;
4. by是介词,后接动名词作宾语,故填using;
5. 固定搭配cause sth to do sth意为“导致某物做某事”,故填to happen;
6. if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则,主语the level为单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,故填rises;
7. 由范围of all the floods(所有洪水当中)可知,此处用形容词最高级,serious的最高级为the most serious,故填the most serious;
8. 此处修饰名词dam,需用形容词broken(破损的),故填broken;
9. 此处修饰动词happen,需用副词quickly,故填quickly;
10. 固定短语in minutes意为“在几分钟内”,用名词复数形式,故填minutes。
【答案】
flooded; to protect; trapped; using; to happen; rises; the most serious; broken; quickly; minutes
【知识点】
一般过去时、非谓语动词、词性转换
【点评】
本题为初中英语常见语法填空题,考查基础语法知识点,涵盖时态、非谓语、固定搭配等,难度适中,需学生掌握基础语法规则及常用固定表达。
【难度系数】
0.6