答案:3. 解析
(1) 证明:如图,
∵ 四边形 $ABCD$ 是矩形,
$\therefore ∠ A = ∠ D = ∠ C = 90°$,$\therefore ∠ 1 + ∠ 3 = 90°$,
$\because E$,$F$ 分别在 $AD$,$BC$ 上,将矩形 $ABCD$ 沿 $EF$ 折叠,使点 $A$ 的对应点 $P$ 落在边 $CD$ 上,
$\therefore ∠ EPH = ∠ A = 90°$,$\therefore ∠ 1 + ∠ 2 = 90°$,
$\therefore ∠ 3 = ∠ 2$,$\therefore △ DEP ∽ △ CPH$。
(2) $\because$ 四边形 $ABCD$ 是矩形,
$\therefore CD = AB = 4$,$AD = BC = 5$,$∠ A = ∠ D = ∠ C = 90°$,
$\because P$ 为 $CD$ 的中点,$\therefore DP = CP = \frac{1}{2} × 4 = 2$,
设 $EP = AE = x$,$\therefore ED = AD - AE = 5 - x$,
在 $Rt △ EDP$ 中,$EP^{2} = ED^{2} + DP^{2}$,
即 $x^{2} = (5 - x)^{2} + 2^{2}$,解得 $x = \frac{29}{10}$,
$\therefore EP = AE = \frac{29}{10}$,$\therefore ED = \frac{21}{10}$,
$\because △ DEP ∽ △ CPH$,
$\therefore \frac{ED}{PC} = \frac{EP}{PH}$,即 $\frac{\frac{21}{10}}{2} = \frac{\frac{29}{10}}{PH}$,$\therefore PH = \frac{58}{21}$,
$\because PG = AB = 4$,$\therefore GH = PG - PH = \frac{26}{21}$。
(3) $AB = \sqrt{6}BG$。
详解:如图,延长 $AB$,$PG$ 交于点 $M$,连接 $AP$,
$\because E$,$F$ 分别在 $AD$,$BC$ 上,将矩形 $ABCD$ 沿 $EF$ 折叠,使点 $A$ 的对应点 $P$ 落在边 $CD$ 上,
$\therefore ∠ BAD = ∠ EPH = 90°$,$PG = AB$,$AP ⊥ EF$,$BG ⊥$ 直线 $EF$,
$\therefore BG // AP$,
$\because AE = EP$,$\therefore ∠ EAP = ∠ EPA$,
$\therefore ∠ BAP = ∠ GPA$,
$\therefore △ MAP$ 是等腰三角形,$MA = MP$,
$\because P$ 为 $CD$ 的中点,
$\therefore DP = CP$,设 $DP = CP = y$,
则 $AB = PG = CD = 2y$,
当 $H$ 为 $BC$ 的中点时,$BH = CH$,
$\because ∠ BHM = ∠ CHP$,$∠ MBH = ∠ PCH$,
$\therefore △ MBH ≌ △ PCH(ASA)$,
$\therefore BM = CP = y$,$HM = HP$,
$\therefore MP = MA = MB + AB = 3y$,
$\therefore HP = \frac{1}{2}PM = \frac{3}{2}y$,
在 $Rt △ PCH$ 中,$CH = \sqrt{PH^{2} - PC^{2}} = \frac{\sqrt{5}}{2}y$,
$\therefore BC = 2CH = \sqrt{5}y$,
$\therefore AD = BC = \sqrt{5}y$,
在 $Rt △ APD$ 中,$AP = \sqrt{AD^{2} + PD^{2}} = \sqrt{6}y$,
$\because BG // AP$,$\therefore △ BMG ∽ △ AMP$,
$\therefore \frac{BG}{AP} = \frac{BM}{AM} = \frac{1}{3}$,$\therefore BG = \frac{\sqrt{6}}{3}y$,
$\therefore \frac{AB}{BG} = \frac{2y}{\frac{\sqrt{6}}{3}y} = \sqrt{6}$,$\therefore AB = \sqrt{6}BG$。