五、阅读短文,在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词,或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
Ella, a college student, lives in a flat in an old community. The community
has
(have) many problems.
First
(one), there is only a small shop in it, so people there have to do some shopping
in
the supermarket far away. Second, there aren't any gardens or parks in the community. The environment is not good. Third, most of the sports equipment(器材) there is
broken
(break). No one comes
to fix
(fix) it. All in all, it is not good to live in
a
community like this.
Ella hopes she can
live
(live) in a convenient(便利的) and modern community. Her dream community is near the sea. There she can enjoy the fresh air and play on the beach in
her
(she) free time. She dreams that there is a big supermarket, a hospital
and
a school in the community. The neighbours are kind and
helpful
(help), and she can make many friends there.
1.
has
2.
First
3.
in
4.
broken
5.
to fix
6.
a
7.
live
8.
her
9.
and
10.
helpful
解析:
【分析】
拿到这道题首先通读全文,明确文章整体用一般现在时,介绍Ella居住的老旧社区的现存问题,以及她理想中的社区的样子。解题时结合上下文逻辑提示、句子语法结构逐一判断每个空的考点:首先观察后文出现的Second、Third的列举提示,对应确定表顺序的词形;再根据主语单复数、情态动词用法、并列结构的词性要求、修饰名词的物主代词规则等基础语法规则,逐个推导每个空的正确形式,就能顺利得出所有答案。
【解析】
1. 第一空:主语The community是第三人称单数,全文时态为一般现在时,谓语动词have要变为第三人称单数形式has。
2. 第二空:后文依次用Second、Third列举社区的问题,此处表示“首先”,要将基数词one变为序数词First,句首首字母大写。
3. 第三空:此处表达“在远处的超市里购物”,表示在空间内部,搭配介词in。
4. 第四空:此处作系动词is的表语,表达“坏掉的”含义,将动词break变为形容词形式broken。
5. 第五空:此处用不定式作目的状语,表达“来修理器材”的目的,填to fix。
6. 第六空:此处泛指“一个像这样的社区”,community以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a。
7. 第七空:情态动词can后必须接动词原形,因此填live。
8. 第八空:此处修饰名词短语free time,需要用形容词性物主代词,将主格she变为her。
9. 第九空:此处并列列举社区的配套设施“大超市、医院、学校”,属于并列关系,用并列连词and。
10. 第十空:此处和形容词kind并列作表语,需要用形容词,将动词help变为形容词形式helpful,意为“乐于助人的”。
【答案】
1. has 2. First 3. in 4. broken 5. to fix 6. a 7. live 8. her 9. and 10. helpful
【知识点】
主谓一致,词性转换,介词连词用法
【点评】
本题是典型的初中基础短文语法填空题,所有考点都围绕核心基础词法、句法设置,多数空都有明确的上下文提示,没有偏难怪的考点,适合用来巩固基础语法知识,学生只要熟练掌握基础语法规则,结合语境逻辑就能顺利完成作答。
【难度系数】
0.7