五、阅读理解。〔人与自我——生活与学习〕
Health is very important to everyone. Different people have their own ways to keep fit. A lot of people like running on the treadmills(跑步机). But it is not a good way to make you strong and healthy. Here are some reasons why you should run outdoors but not on the treadmills.
It costs you a lot of money to buy a treadmill. You can run outdoors, and it costs you nothing! Walk outside and the whole world is your treadmill. If you don't mind getting a little dirty, outdoor activities will help you.
Treadmills can become boring. You are limited(被限制) to things that are in front of you. Running outside provides a beautiful view. Studies show that just looking at photos of nature can lower blood pressure(降低血压), so imagine what running through it will do. The fresh air and unpolluted nature will also make you run more easily.
You burn(燃烧) more calories running outside than you do on a treadmill, because you have to work harder in order to move your body. When you run on a treadmill, you only move your legs. But when exercising outside, you must move your legs, your hands and so on.
Why not go for a run outdoors? Come on!
1. The passage gives
C
reason(s) for not exercising on the treadmills.
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
2. What can't running outside provide?
A. Clean water.
B. Unpolluted nature.
C. Fresh air.
D. Beautiful scenery.
3. (创新考法·篇章结构)What's the structure of the passage?
A. ①②/③④/⑤
B. ①/②③④/⑤
C. ①/②/③/④⑤
D. ①/②/③/④/⑤
4. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Do more exercise
B. Outdoor views
C. How to do exercise on the treadmills
D. Reasons for not running on the treadmills
解析：
【分析】
做这篇阅读理解时，首先快速通读全文，把握文章核心主题：本文围绕“户外跑步比在跑步机上跑步更有益”展开论述，之后逐题对应回原文定位信息推导答案：
1. 第一题询问不推荐跑步机锻炼的原因数量，逐段梳理支撑理由的内容，统计独立理由的数量即可选出答案；
2. 第二题用排除法，回到描述户外跑步优势的段落，将选项内容和原文表述逐一比对，排除原文提到的选项，剩下的就是正确答案；
3. 第三题考查篇章结构，先划分每个段落的功能：区分总起段、分述理由段、收尾段，匹配对应的结构划分即可；
4. 第四题选最佳标题，要抓住全文核心论述对象，排除偏离主题的干扰项，选出最贴合全文主旨的选项。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：文章第2、3、4段分别给出了3个不推荐跑步机锻炼的理由：①购买跑步机花费很高，户外跑步零成本；②跑步机锻炼枯燥，户外跑步有优美景观、新鲜空气，体验更好；③户外跑步比跑步机跑步消耗的卡路里更多。共3个原因，选C。
2. 细节理解题：根据第三段原文“Running outside provides a beautiful view... The fresh air and unpolluted nature will also make you run more easily”，可知户外跑步可以提供优美风景、新鲜空气、未被污染的自然环境，文中完全没有提到“干净的水”，选A。
3. 篇章结构题：第1段是总起段，直接点明核心观点：应该选择户外跑步而非跑步机跑步，引出下文的理由；第2、3、4段是分述部分，分别从成本、运动体验、燃脂效果三个维度逐条阐述理由；第5段是收尾段，发出呼吁号召大家去户外跑步，属于典型的“总-分-总”结构，对应划分是①/②③④/⑤，选B。
4. 主旨大意题：全文围绕“不推荐在跑步机上跑步的几个理由”展开论述，A选项“多做锻炼”表述过于宽泛，B选项“户外风景”只是文中的局部细节，C选项“如何在跑步机上锻炼”和文章主旨完全相悖，只有D选项最贴合全文核心主题，选D。
【答案】
CABD
【知识点】
阅读理解细节查找，阅读篇章结构分析，阅读主旨大意判断
【点评】
这篇阅读属于人与自我的健康生活主题，贴合日常实际，考点覆盖常规细节题和创新的篇章结构题型，难度适中，学生只要准确定位原文信息、梳理清楚各段落的功能就能顺利解题，同时也能帮助学生建立健康运动的正确认知。
【难度系数】
0.7
