零五网 全部参考答案 学习与评价答案 2026年学习与评价江苏凤凰教育出版社八年级英语下册译林版 第136页解析答案
一、根据汉语意思完成句子
1. 我们应该尽力让它一直保持那样。
We should try to keep it that way.

2. 当人们违反这些规定时,他们就会受到惩罚。
When people break these rules, they will be punished.

3. 它的废物回收利用水平在全球名列前茅。
It has one of the highest levels of waste recycling in the world.

4. 这些类型的能源永远不会被耗尽。
These types of energy will never run out.

5. 记住,每个人都可以做点(对保护环境)有益的事!
Remember that everyone can do something to make a difference.

答案:1. We should try to keep it that way.
2. When people break these rules, they will be punished.
3. It has one of the highest levels of waste recycling in the world.
4. These types of energy will never run out.
5. Remember that everyone can do something to make a difference.
解析:
【解析】
1. “应该”用should,“尽力做某事”译为try to do sth.,“保持那样”译为keep it that way,组合成对应英文句子。
2. “违反规定”译为break these rules,“被惩罚”需用被动语态will be punished,用when引导时间状语从句,构成对应英文句子。
3. “名列前茅”用one of the highest levels of...表达,“废物回收利用”译为waste recycling,“在全球”译为in the world,组合成对应英文句子。
4. “这些类型的能源”译为These types of energy,“耗尽”译为run out,构成对应英文句子。
5. “记住”后接宾语从句,“做点有益的事”译为do something to make a difference,组合成对应英文句子。
【答案】
1. We should try to keep it that way.
2. When people break these rules, they will be punished.
3. It has one of the highest levels of waste recycling in the world.
4. These types of energy will never run out.
5. Remember that everyone can do something to make a difference.
【知识点】
固定短语搭配、被动语态用法、宾语从句运用
【点评】
本题为环保主题的汉译英练习,涵盖基础动词短语、被动语态及宾语从句等语法点,考查学生对常用英文表达的掌握及语法结构的正确运用,有助于积累实用的环保相关句式。
【难度系数】
0.7
二、词汇运用
Nantong is taking action to protect its environment. Last month, a community activity
was organized
(organize) to teach people about green living. Volunteers explained how to
separate
(分开) waste into different bins. This helps reduce pollution and reuse resources
wisely
(wise). The city has also made stricter rules to
control
(控制) factory waste. Thanks to this, many rivers have been clean again
successfully
(success). By following these steps, we can make a
difference
(different) and turn Nantong into a more beautiful home for future generations.
1.
was organized
2.
separate
3.
wisely
4.
control

5.
successfully
6.
difference

答案:1. was organized 2. separate 3. wisely 4. control 5. successfully 6. difference
解析:
【解析】
1. 第一空:主语a community activity与动词organize是被动关系,且时间状语为Last month(一般过去时标志),故用一般过去时的被动语态was organized。
2. 第二空:“how to + 动词原形”是固定结构,“分开”对应的英文动词是separate,故填separate。
3. 第三空:此处需用副词修饰动词reuse,wise的副词形式是wisely,故填wisely。
4. 第四空:“make rules to do sth.”为固定搭配,“控制”对应的英文动词是control,故填control。
5. 第五空:此处需用副词修饰动词clean,success的副词形式是successfully,故填successfully。
6. 第六空:“make a difference”是固定短语,意为“有影响;起作用”,故填difference。
【答案】
1. was organized 2. separate 3. wisely 4. control 5. successfully 6. difference
【知识点】
一般过去时被动语态、词性转换、固定短语运用
【点评】
本题考查词汇运用,涵盖被动语态、词性转换及固定短语等考点,要求结合语境判断词汇的正确形式,注重对语法规则和词汇变形的综合考查,帮助学生提升在语境中运用词汇的能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
三、阅读理解
The World Health Organization reports that air pollution kills about seven million people around the world each year. However, breathing dirty air does more than hurt our bodies. It can also affect our brains and the ability to think.
A new study shows that air pollution can cause a reduction in our intelligence (智力). Xi Chen, the researcher of the Yale School of Public Health, led the study. He and his team found that long-term exposure (暴露) to air pollution could affect a person's mental ability in two areas: language and maths. The researchers noted that the effect of pollution on the language ability was even more serious for people over 64 years old, for men and for those who are less educated. "The older people are more affected. And we find, quite interestingly, men are more affected than women. And people working outdoors are more affected than those working indoors."
Besides, they found that air pollution did affect the maths skills, just not as much as the language skills. There are two main kinds of tissue (组织) in the brain: white matter and grey matter. White matter is more connected with a person's language skills, while grey matter is connected to our ability to solve maths problems. Studies have shown that air pollution has a great effect on the white matter in the brain, but not the grey matter.
(
B
) 1. What does the underlined part "a reduction" mean?
A. An increase in amount.
B. A drop in level.
C. An improvement in quality.
D. A development in ability.
(
B
) 2. The effect of breathing polluted air is more serious for
.
A. women
B. men
C. more educated people
D. young people
(
C
) 3. Air pollution affected the language skills
the maths skills.
A. as much as
B. as little as
C. more than
D. less than
(
D
) 4. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. Air pollution harms people's bodies but has no effect on brains.
B. The effect of air pollution on language ability is less serious.
C. Air pollution affects maths skills more greatly than language skills.
D. White matter in the brain is linked to people's language abilities.
答案:1-4 BBCD
解析:
【解析】
1. 词义猜测题:根据文中“A new study shows that air pollution can cause a reduction in our intelligence (智力)”可知,空气污染会导致智力下降,“a reduction”意为“水平下降”,对应选项B。
2. 细节理解题:由第二段中“men are more affected than women”可知,男性受空气污染的影响更严重,故选B。
3. 细节理解题:根据第三段“Besides, they found that air pollution did affect the maths skills, just not as much as the language skills.”可知,空气污染对语言能力的影响比对数学能力的影响更大,即more than,故选C。
4. 细节理解题:从第三段“White matter is more connected with a person's language skills”可知,大脑白质与语言能力相关,选项D表述正确;A选项与原文“ It can also affect our brains”不符;B选项与“the effect of pollution on the language ability was even more serious for people over 64 years old...”不符;C选项与原文中语言能力受影响更大相悖。
【答案】
1-4 BBCD
【知识点】
词义猜测题、细节理解题
【点评】
本文围绕空气污染对人类智力的影响展开,题型以词义猜测和细节理解为主,需要学生精准定位原文关键信息,结合语境和细节进行判断,有助于提升学生的信息提取与逻辑判断能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
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