零五网 全部参考答案 随堂反馈 2026年综合素质随堂反馈八年级英语下册译林版常州专版 第196页解析答案
四、词汇运用(9分)
1. The
unclean
public toilet in the city park nearby needs quick cleaning.
2. Kate had difficulty
controlling
her spending, especially during shopping festivals.
3. In the Maldives, people are required to use
eco-friendly
products to avoid pollution.
4. You will be
fined
if you return the books late to the library.
5. I prefer paper books to
electronic
books though they're not that convenient.
6. When shopping, please always bring a cloth bag and say no to s
ingle-use
plastic ones.
7. The rich black s
soil
in North-east China is quite suitable for growing rice.
8. Our hotel provides the highest l
level
of service to make your stay unforgettable.
9. Sam b
roke
the promise to keep the secret, and now his friend doesn't trust him.
答案:1. unclean 2. controlling 3. eco-friendly 4. fined 5. electronic 6. single-use 7. soil 8. level 9. broke
解析:
【分析】
这是一道结合语境的英语词汇运用题,包含无提示句意填词和首字母提示填词两类题型。解题时首先要通读完整句子,梳理句子的语义逻辑,判断空格处所需的词性,再结合生活常识、固定搭配、首字母提示推断出对应的词汇,最后还要根据语法规则调整词形(比如非谓语形式、被动语态的过去分词、动词时态变形等),代入句子验证语义通顺、语法合规即可。
【解析】
1. 句意为“附近城市公园里的不干净公厕需要尽快打扫”,空格处需要形容词修饰名词public toilet,结合“需要打扫”的语境,可知填表示“不干净的”unclean。
2. 句意为“凯特很难控制自己的支出,尤其是在购物节期间”,本题考查固定搭配have difficulty (in) doing sth.(做某事有困难),结合“管控支出”的语义,动词control要变为动名词形式controlling。
3. 句意为“在马尔代夫,人们被要求使用环保产品以避免污染”,空格处需要形容词修饰名词products,结合“避免污染”的语境,可知填表示“环保的”eco-friendly。
4. 句意为“如果你逾期把书还给图书馆,你会被罚款”,此处是一般将来时的被动语态结构will be + 过去分词,结合语境“罚款”,fine的过去分词为fined。
5. 句意为“比起电子书我更喜欢纸质书,尽管电子书没那么方便”,和前文的paper books(纸质书)对应,此处表示“电子的”,填形容词electronic修饰books。
6. 句意为“购物时请始终自带布袋,拒绝一次性塑料袋”,结合首字母s和语境,此处表示“一次性的”,填复合形容词single-use修饰plastic ones。
7. 句意为“中国东北肥沃的黑土非常适合种植水稻”,结合首字母s和“适合种水稻”的语境,此处填不可数名词soil,表示“土壤”。
8. 句意为“我们酒店提供最高水准的服务,让您的入住体验难忘”,结合首字母l和固定搭配the highest level of service(最高等级/水准的服务),填名词level。
9. 句意为“山姆违背了保密的承诺,现在他的朋友不信任他了”,固定搭配break the promise表示“违背承诺”,违背承诺是过去发生的动作,要使用一般过去时,break的过去式为broke。
【答案】
1. unclean 2. controlling 3. eco-friendly 4. fined 5. electronic 6. single-use 7. soil 8. level 9. broke
【知识点】
词汇语境运用,固定短语搭配,词形变换
【点评】
本题贴合日常公共生活、环保、校园等常见场景命题,覆盖了形容词作定语、非谓语动词、被动语态、动词时态等多个初中英语核心考点,既考察学生的词汇储备量,也要求学生能结合语境逻辑准确判断词汇,同时规避词形变形的常见错误,对学生的词汇综合运用能力有一定的考察作用。
【难度系数】
0.6
五、动词填空(10分)
1. If you don't hand in your paper before Friday, you
will receive
a "Zero".
2. — When can we take the new underground line?
— Not until it
is completed
next year.
3. — Why don't you go inside? It's cold here. — Oh, I
am waiting
for my brother.
4.
Donate
blood if you can, and many lives will be saved.
5. Keep writing and finish it. I'm sure your work
will be admired
by young people.
6. Could you come back later? Dr Wu
is operating
on a patient in another room.
7. When they met again, they were both too excited
to say
a word.
8. Many neighbours
were affected
by the charity event, and some have started to
volunteer since then.
9. We should pay more attention to
reducing
waste to protect the environment.
10. Don't worry about the plastic bottles. They
will be recycled
after we hand them
over to the environmental group.
答案:1. will receive 2. is completed 3. am waiting 4. Donate 5. will be admired
6. is operating 7. to say 8. were affected 9. reducing
10. will be recycled
解析:
【分析】
做这类动词填空题,核心思路是三步推导:第一先通读全句,抓取时间提示、特殊句式的标志性信息;第二判断句子主语和目标动词的逻辑关系,确定是主动还是被动;第三结合对应的语法规则、固定搭配要求,最终确定动词的正确形式。解题时要重点留意“主将从现”、介词后接动名词、特殊固定结构这些高频易错考点,逐个对应每个句子的语境推导答案即可。
【解析】
1. 本题if引导条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”规则,从句用一般现在时表将来,主句需用一般将来时,主语you和receive是主动关系,因此填will receive。
2. 本题until引导时间状语从句,同样适用“主将从现”规则,从句用一般现在时表将来,主语it指代新地铁线,和complete是被动关系,用一般现在时被动语态,因此填is completed。
3. 语境描述此刻正在等待弟弟的动作,要用现在进行时,主语为I,因此填am waiting。
4. 本题是“祈使句 + and + 一般将来时陈述句”的固定句型,祈使句以动词原形开头,因此填Donate。
5. 语境表示作品未来会被年轻人欣赏,是将来发生的动作,主语your work和admire是被动关系,用一般将来时被动语态,因此填will be admired。
6. 前半句要求对方稍后返回,说明吴医生此刻正在做手术,描述当下正在进行的动作用现在进行时,主语Dr Wu是第三人称单数,因此填is operating。
7. 本题符合固定结构too + 形容词 + to do sth.,表示“太…而不能做某事”,空格处要接不定式,因此填to say。
8. 主语Many neighbours和affect是被动关系,动作发生在过去的慈善活动举办期间,用一般过去时被动语态,主语为复数,因此填were affected。
9. 固定搭配pay attention to中的to是介词,后面需要接动名词作宾语,因此填reducing。
10. 主语They指代塑料瓶,和recycle是被动关系,回收动作是上交之后将要发生的,用一般将来时被动语态,因此填will be recycled。
【答案】
1. will receive 2. is completed 3. am waiting 4. Donate 5. will be admired
6. is operating 7. to say 8. were affected 9. reducing 10. will be recycled
【知识点】
动词时态辨析、被动语态用法、固定句式搭配
【点评】
本题是初中英语典型的动词综合考察题型,覆盖了初中阶段核心的动词时态、被动语态考点,同时涉及too...to结构、pay attention to介词用法等高频固定搭配,既需要学生能结合语境判断时态,也要求学生准确区分主被动关系,易错点集中在时间状语从句的被动判断、介词后接动名词的特殊规则上,能很好地检验学生的基础语法掌握程度。
【难度系数】
0.6
六、综合填空(10分)
Only about 2.5 per cent of the earth's water is freshwater. Of that, nearly 70 per cent is
frozen in huge and 1.
peaceful
glaciers and ice caps. About 30
per cent is groundwater, which is important for human 2.
development
and daily
life. It hides under mountains, plains and even deserts, and is called aquifers.
Groundwater is 3.
an
important part of earth's water cycle. Some groundwater
naturally rises and 4.
pours
out onto earth's surface through springs. In
fact, we use 200 times more groundwater than oil.
As human-caused climate change dries out parts of the planet, the need for groundwater
will rise. 5.
At
the same time, climate change may make storms much
6.
stronger
. Heavier rains are more likely to rush 7.
directly
into
lakes and rivers than flow into soil. So there may be less groundwater.
Meanwhile, human activities 8.
have polluted
groundwater in many places over
the years. Chemicals from farming or mining flow into these aquifers.
What can 9.
be done
? Reduce pollution and find ways to purify
groundwater. 10.
Unless
we act now, we will hardly get clean water in the future.
答案:1. peaceful 2. development 3. an 4. pours 5. At
6. stronger 7. directly 8. have polluted 9. be done 10. Unless
解析:
【分析】
解题时首先通读全文,明确本文是围绕地球淡水资源分布、地下水的重要性、当前地下水面临的威胁以及水资源保护呼吁展开的科普类文章。接下来逐空推导:先判断每个空格所需的词性,结合上下文语义、固定搭配、时态语态规则、句子逻辑逐一匹配答案,填完后通读全文验证语义是否通顺、语法是否正确。
【解析】
1. 空格和形容词huge并列,共同修饰名词glaciers and ice caps,需填入形容词,符合“近70%的淡水冻结在巨大且宁静的冰川冰盖中”的语境,填peaceful。
2. 介词for后需接名词,和后文daily life构成并列结构,表达地下水对人类发展和日常生活十分重要,将动词develop变为名词形式development,填development。
3. 此处表达“地球水循环的一个重要部分”,空格后important以元音音素开头,可数名词单数part前需加不定冠词an,填an。
4. 空格和并列谓语rises(一般现在时、第三人称单数)时态保持一致,固定短语pour out表示“涌出”,主语some groundwater为不可数名词,谓语用第三人称单数形式pours,填pours。
5. 固定搭配at the same time意为“与此同时”,位于句首首字母大写,填At。
6. 空格前的much常修饰形容词比较级,结合后文Heavier rains的提示,表达气候变化会让风暴更猛烈,strong的比较级为stronger,填stronger。
7. 空格修饰动词rush,需填入副词,表达大雨更易直接冲入河湖而非渗入土壤,形容词direct的副词形式为directly,填directly。
8. 句中时间状语over the years是现在完成时的标志,主语human activities和pollute为主动关系,因此填现在完成时结构have polluted。
9. 句意为“我们可以做些什么呢?”,主语what和动词do是被动关系,情态动词can后接be+过去分词结构,填be done。
10. 前后句为条件逻辑关系,表达“除非我们现在行动,否则未来几乎得不到洁净的水”,连词unless表“除非”,位于句首首字母大写,填Unless。
【答案】
1. peaceful 2. development 3. an 4. pours 5. At
6. stronger 7. directly 8. have polluted 9. be done 10. Unless
【知识点】
词性转换、固定搭配、时态语态
【点评】
本题属于科普主题的综合填空题,既考查学生对上下文语义逻辑的梳理能力,也覆盖了初中英语核心的冠词、比较级、被动语态、连词等语法考点,同时融入水资源保护的环保主题,引导学生在解题过程中建立节水护水的意识,需要学生兼顾语境语义和语法规则才能拿到满分。
【难度系数】
0.5
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