零五网 全部参考答案 启东中学作业本 2026年启东中学作业本八年级英语下册译林版连云港专版 第173页解析答案
五、根据短文意思和首字母提示,写出一个完整正确的单词。
Imagine one day the water taps in your house stop running. You have to pay a lot of money for water from shops, and even e 1 use has to be cut back to match the scarce water supply. And still there isn't e 2 water for everyone. Your mother has to save the family's shower water for washing clothes. Could you stand that kind of life?
Probably not. But that is what kids in Yemen are experiencing. A 3 to a report, Sana'a, the capital of Yemen, will run out of drinking water. This serious water shortage has caused a lot of d 4 to people's daily lives.
B 5 of the water shortage, the government of Yemen often cuts the water supply. Hannan, an 18-year-old girl, said, "In a good week we'll have a water s 6 all the week. But then in the f 7 week there will be water only for a day or two."
Hannan said only rich people have enough water to u 8. They can buy water from shops or water trucks. Private companies own the t 9, selling water at very high prices that a lot of people can't afford.
The government is thinking of making use of s 10 water. However, it will cost a lot and may not happen soon enough to help.
1.
electricity
2.
enough
3.
According
4.
damage
5.
Because

6.
supply
7.
following
8.
use
9.
trucks
10.
sea

答案:1. electricity 2. enough 3. According 4. damage
5. Because 6. supply 7. following 8. use 9. trucks
10. sea
解析:
【分析】
做这类首字母提示短文填空,首先第一步要通读全文,理清文章整体主题:本文围绕也门严重的水资源短缺问题展开叙述。接下来逐句结合上下文逻辑、已学的固定搭配、首字母提示推导对应单词,同时要注意单词的词性、大小写、单复数变形,还要留意前文出现过的复现词汇辅助判断,避免脱离语境错填不符合语义的单词。
【解析】
1. 句意为:你不得不花很多钱从商店购买水,甚至电力使用也必须削减,来匹配稀缺的水资源供应。结合首字母e,不可数名词electricity(电力)符合资源短缺需要缩减使用的语境。
2. 句意为:仍然没有足够的水供给所有人。结合首字母e,形容词enough(足够的)修饰名词water,符合缺水的语境。
3. 此处是固定搭配According to,意为“根据”,句首单词首字母需要大写,符合“根据一份报告,也门首都萨那即将耗尽饮用水”的句意。
4. 此处是固定搭配cause damage to,意为“对……造成损害”,句意为:严重的水资源短缺已经给人们的日常生活造成了很多负面影响,结合首字母d填不可数名词damage。
5. 此处是固定短语Because of,意为“由于”,后接名词性短语,句首首字母大写,符合“由于水资源短缺,也门政府经常切断供水”的因果逻辑。
6. 前文已经出现过water supply(供水)的相关表达,句意为:情况好的一周,我们整周都有水供应,结合首字母s填名词supply。
7. 短语the following week是常用表达,意为“接下来的一周”,和前半句的in a good week形成对应,符合“但接下来的一周只有一两天有水”的句意,结合首字母f填following。
8. 句意为:Hannan说只有富人有足够的水可以使用,不定式符号to后面要接动词原形,结合首字母u填use。
9. 前文提到了water trucks(运水车),句意为:私营公司拥有这些运水车,以很多人负担不起的高价卖水,这里用复数形式指代前文提到的运水车,结合首字母t填trucks。
10. 句意为:政府正考虑利用海水,固定表达sea water意为“海水”,符合缺水背景下开发新水源的语境,结合首字母s填sea。
【答案】
1. electricity 2. enough 3. According 4. damage 5. Because 6. supply 7. following 8. use 9. trucks 10. sea
【知识点】
首字母短文填空,固定短语搭配,语境词义辨析
【点评】
本题属于生活化主题的首字母填空题,围绕水资源短缺的现实问题展开,大部分空考察初中阶段高频的固定短语,少数空需要结合上下文复现词汇推导,既考察学生的短语积累,也要求学生具备整体把握语篇逻辑的能力,避免孤立看句子错填单词。
【难度系数】
0.6
六、阅读理解。(2025·山东烟台)
①You can put a stamp on it, you can write an address on it, and you can send it through the mail. No, it's not a package(包裹). It's the amazing coconut(椰子)! The coconut is different from most other fruits because every part of it is useful. People have been using coconuts in many different ways. Here are some of them.

②One exciting use of the coconut is as a kind of energy. Scientists are working on using coconuts for energy because they are cheap and clean. Coconut oil has already been made into fuel(燃料). It can power cars, trucks, ships and many more.
③Students at Baylor University find that coconut husks(外壳) can take in water very well. So mixing coconut husks with soil helps the soil retain more water. The students also find that coconut husks can take the place of plastic in some cases. If this is possible, it will help people use less plastic.
④The husk of the coconut is a perfect package. It protects the coconut from harm. That's why some countries allow people to send the coconut without any packaging. Each year, tourists post about 3,000 these "coconut postcards".
⑤Coconuts grow naturally in over 80 countries of the world. They need sunshine and enough rain. Every year, we get more than 50 million tons of coconuts. It is not surprising that people have found so many uses for the coconut.
(
C
)1. What does the underlined word "power" in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Make room for. B. Add value to.
C. Provide energy for. D. Put weight on.
(
D
)2. In which part of the magazine could we read the passage?
A. Story Time. B. History World.
C. Sports News. D. Amazing Nature.
(
C
)3. What's the main purpose of the passage?
A. To advise people to protect coconuts.
B. To ask people to grow more coconuts.
C. To show the value and uses of coconuts.
D. To introduce a type of fuel made from coconuts.
(
B
)4. 新考法 Which is the structure of the passage?


答案:1. C 【点拨】根据"Coconut oil has already been made
into fuel(燃料). It can power cars, trucks, ships and
many more."可知,椰子油被制成燃料后能为小汽车、
卡车、船只等提供动力。故选C。
2. D 【点拨】通读全文可知,全文围绕椰子的自然属性
和多种用途展开,与自然相关。根据文章内容可推断,
最可能出现在杂志的"Amazing Nature"(奇妙的自然)
版块。故选D。
3. C 【点拨】通读全文可知,文章的主要目的是展示椰子
的价值和用途。故选C。
4. B 【点拨】通读全文可知,本文的结构为"总—分—
总"。故选B。
解析:
【分析】
这是一篇介绍椰子实用价值的说明文,解题时可以按题型逐个突破:
1. 词义猜测题:先定位划线词所在的第2段,梳理前后句逻辑,前文提到椰子油被制成燃料,结合燃料的功能属性对照选项含义就能选出正确答案。
2. 文章出处推断题:先梳理全文核心内容,文章围绕椰子这种自然作物的各类妙用展开,逐一排除和内容无关的版块选项,就能匹配到正确的栏目。
3. 主旨大意题:先找文章总起段,第一段明确点明椰子全身上下都有用,人们用很多方式利用椰子,后文全部是对各类用途的展开,就能判断出文章的核心写作目的,排除偏离主旨的选项。
4. 篇章结构题:梳理每段的作用:第1段总述椰子用途广泛,第2-4段分别介绍椰子在能源、农业减塑、邮寄载体三个方面的用途,第5段总结椰子分布广产量高,人们发掘出大量用途,整体是总-分-总结构,对应选出正确的结构选项。
【解析】
1. 第1题:定位到第2段,前文提到椰子油已经被制成燃料,燃料的功能是为汽车、卡车、船只等提供动力,A选项“为…腾出空间”、B选项“给…增值”、D选项“给…加重”均不符合语境,只有C选项“为…提供能量”符合词义。
2. 第2题:全文围绕椰子这种自然产物的多种实用属性展开,和故事、历史、体育均无关联,因此最可能出现在杂志的“奇妙自然”版块。
3. 第3题:文章开篇就点明椰子的每一部分都有用,后文全部内容都是介绍椰子的各类用途和价值,没有呼吁保护椰子、多种椰子的内容,D选项只提到椰子做燃料,属于局部细节不能概括全文主旨,因此核心目的是展示椰子的价值和用途。
4. 第4题:第1段总起引出椰子用途广泛的核心话题,第2-4段分点介绍椰子的不同用途,第5段收尾总结椰子分布广产量高,人们发掘出大量用途,整体为“总-分-总”的结构。
【答案】
1. C 2. D 3. C 4. B
【知识点】
词义猜测,阅读理解推断,篇章结构分析
【点评】
本题难度适中,覆盖了阅读理解常考的四类典型题型,既考查学生对文本细节的理解能力,也考查对全文整体框架的梳理能力,其中篇章结构的新考法能引导学生跳出只关注细节的惯性,主动梳理文章的行文逻辑。
【难度系数】
0.7
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