四、短文填空。
主题群:灾害防范
子主题:自然灾害与防范措施
语篇类型:说明文
难度:★★★
Humans can't stop natural disasters because we can't stop the power of 1. n
.
For example, a 2. f
comes when there is too much water on land. Sometimes, it can come after a big rainstorm at sea. Then too much sea water 3. c
onto the land. Fast-moving flood can hurt us. It can also destroy our homes. We can't stop the water from coming, but we can 4. t
to stop the water by making a wall with sandbags. Sometimes, the sandbags help stop the water. Sometimes they don't.
An earthquake 5. h
where land moves. The land goes up and down. The land 6. s
. We may be hurt by things that fall down in an earthquake. Falling things can 7. s
fires. We can't stop an earthquake from coming. We can try to make our homes strong in order to 8. p
them from falling down in an earthquake.
A tornado(龙卷风) is fast 9. a ______ that goes around and around over the land. A tornado can pick up everything. It can break anything. A typhoon is a big storm with fast moving wind and rain. It begins at sea and can come onto the land. Its fast wind can hurt us and our homes.
We can't stop the power of nature, but we can go to 10. s
places.
解析:
【分析】本题是围绕“自然灾害与防范措施”主题的短文填空题,需结合语境、词汇含义及语法规则补全单词。解题时先通读全文把握主旨,再逐句分析每个空格:根据空格前后句意、首字母提示确定单词词义,结合时态、主谓一致、固定搭配等语法知识验证,最终得出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 句意:人类无法阻止自然灾害,因为我们无法阻止自然的力量。结合首字母n及语境,填nature。
2. 句意:例如,当陆地上有太多水时就会发生洪水。结合首字母f及后文“too much water”,填flood。
3. 句意:然后太多海水涌上陆地。主语too much sea water为不可数名词,一般现在时谓语用第三人称单数,结合首字母c,填comes。
4. 句意:我们无法阻止水到来,但可以尝试用沙袋筑墙挡水。固定搭配try to do sth,结合首字母t,填try。
5. 句意:地震发生在陆地移动的地方。结合首字母h及语境,填happens。
6. 句意:陆地上下移动,会摇晃。结合首字母s及地震特点,填shakes。
7. 句意:掉落的东西能引发火灾。结合首字母s及语境,填start。
8. 句意:我们无法阻止地震发生,但可以让房子坚固以防止它们在地震中倒塌。固定搭配prevent...from doing sth,结合首字母p,填prevent。
9. 句意:龙卷风是在陆地上快速旋转的空气。结合首字母a及龙卷风定义,填air。
10. 句意:我们无法阻止自然的力量,但可以去安全的地方。结合首字母s及语境,填safe。
【答案】1. nature 2. flood 3. comes 4. try 5. happens 6. shakes 7. start 8. prevent 9. air 10. safe
【知识点】短文填空、自然灾害词汇、固定搭配
【点评】本题围绕灾害防范主题,考查学生对常见自然灾害相关词汇的掌握及语境理解能力,需结合上下文逻辑和语法知识解题,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6