五、核心素养 中华优秀传统文化 阅读理解。
主题群:做人与做事 子主题:工匠精神 语篇类型:说明文 难度:★★
Soy sauce(酱油) was invented by the Chinese over 2,000 years ago and is still used in Chinese cooking every day. Nowadays people don't give much thought to the traditional way of making soy sauce, as they mostly buy soy sauce produced through modern chemical methods.
Little known to the outside world, a century-old factory in Xianshi Town, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, still uses the natural method to produce soy sauce. It simply puts the soybean mixture in big jars under the sun. It takes up to three years to complete. Since 1893, the company has been making soy sauce for more than 130 years.
Water, salt and soybeans are needed to make soy sauce. Natural bacteria(菌群) and old jars make it taste better. The process(工序) allows the beans to naturally produce oil, creating a rich flavour. It is the most special thing about this kind of soy sauce. The factory can only produce about 2,000 jars of soy sauce every year. Also, it takes over ten times longer to finish the whole process in this traditional way. As a result, the factory has faced many ups and downs.
Luckily, the traditional method of making soy sauce in this factory became an intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产) of China in 2014. "I had the idea of giving it up, but I often said to myself that good things never come easy, just like our soy sauce," the factory owner said.
1. Why do people seldom think of the traditional way of making soy sauce now?
A. Because they think soy sauce is unhealthy.
B. Because they don't like the taste of soy sauce.
C. Because they seldom use soy sauce when cooking.
D. Because they mostly buy soy sauce made in modern ways.
2. What can we know about the factory in Paragraph 2?
A. It is a famous factory in China.
B. It has a history of over a century.
C. It took up to 3 years to build the factory.
D. It makes soy sauce with new technology.
3. What does "It" refer to in Paragraph 3?
A. The low price.
B. The long history.
C. The good flavour.
D. The short process.
4. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. The steps of making soy sauce.
B. Good things to add while cooking.
C. Skills of making modern soy sauce.
D. A traditional way to make soy sauce.
答案：[语篇解读] 本文主要介绍了中国四川省泸州市先市镇的一家百年老厂使用传统方法制作酱油的情况。
1. D 2. B
3. C 代词指代题。根据“The process allows the beans to naturally produce oil, creating a rich flavour. It is the most special thing about this kind of soy sauce."可知，It 在这里指的是酱油的好味道。
4. D 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了中国四川省泸州市先市镇的一家百年老厂使用传统方法制作酱油的情况。
解析：
【分析】
本文是一篇介绍中国传统酱油制作工艺的说明文，围绕四川泸州先市镇的百年老厂传统制酱展开。解题时需根据题干关键词定位原文，结合细节查找、代词指代、主旨归纳的方法逐一分析：
1. 第1题考查细节原因，需定位“人们不关注传统制酱”的原因；
2. 第2题考查第二段的事实细节，需提取工厂的相关信息；
3. 第3题考查代词指代，需联系代词所在句的前文内容；
4. 第4题考查主旨大意，需梳理全文核心内容。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据题干“seldom think of traditional way”定位至第一段，原文提到“as they mostly buy soy sauce produced through modern chemical methods”，说明人们不关注传统方法是因为大多购买现代方法生产的酱油，对应选项D。
2. 细节理解题：定位第二段，原文明确“a century-old factory”，即该工厂有超过一个世纪的历史，对应选项B。
3. 代词指代题：根据题干定位第三段，前一句提到“creating a rich flavour”，后一句“It is the most special thing”，可知It指代前文的“丰富的风味（good flavour）”，对应选项C。
4. 主旨大意题：全文围绕四川泸州先市镇的百年老厂使用传统方法制作酱油的情况展开，核心是介绍传统制酱方法，对应选项D。
【答案】
1.D 2.B 3.C 4.D
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解题）、代词指代题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本题为传统文化主题的说明文阅读，题目设置以基础题型为主，重点考查学生定位原文、提取信息及归纳主旨的能力，难度适中，贴合初中英语阅读的考查方向。
【难度系数】
0.8
