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重难点二 动词过去式的不规则变化
解析 常见的动词过去式的不规则变化有:
不规则变化的方式 示例 不规则变化的方式 示例
元音字母i改为a/o sing—sang,drive—drove ell改为old sell—sold,tell—told
元音字母o/u改为a become—became,run—ran an改为oo stand—stood,understand—understood
元音字母e改为o get—got,forget—forgot know—knew,draw—drew
ee改为e meet—met,feed—fed 动词原形与过去式同形 read(/riːd/)—read(/red/),hurt—hurt,fit—fit(fitted也可)
eak改为oke break—broke,speak—spoke ought型 bring—brought,buy—bought
eep改为ept sleep—slept,keep—kept aught型 teach—taught,catch—caught
[典例剖析] 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Everyone danced and
(sing) happily at her birthday party.
2. The next day, Mr Smith
(go) out and never came back.
点拨 第1小题,and连接的前后两个动词在时态上要保持一致,由danced可知,sing要用其过去式sang,故填sang。第2小题,由The next day和came可知,此句的时态是一般过去时,谓语动词go要用其过去式went,故填went。
[反馈练习] 写出括号内动词的过去式,并给下列句子排序,使之成为一个完整的故事。
(
)He
(go) to the field every day to see the seedlings(秧苗). He wished that the seedlings in his field could grow quickly.
( 1 )Long ago, there
(be) a farmer. He planted a lot of rice in his field.
(
)He
(think) about this day and night, but the seedlings still
(grow) slowly. “I have to find a way to help them grow fast,” he
(say).
(
)One day, he
(have) an idea and
(run) to the field. He pulled(拔) his seedlings up one by one.
(
)His son
(hear) about this and ran to the field. However, all the seedlings
(die).
(
)He was tired after doing this for a whole day. But he
(feel) very happy because he thought the seedlings would grow a lot.
答案:went, was, thought, grew, said, had, ran, heard, died, felt
排序:2 1 3 4 6 5
解析:
【分析】
本题考查一般过去时中动词过去式的不规则变化,需先确定所有句子描述过去发生的故事,时态为一般过去时,因此要将括号内的动词变为对应的过去式;再结合故事的逻辑顺序对句子排序。第一步,逐个分析括号内动词的过去式:go的过去式是went,be动词(主语为单数)的过去式是was,think的过去式是thought,grow的过去式是grew,say的过去式是said,have的过去式是had,run的过去式是ran,hear的过去式是heard,die的过去式是died,feel的过去式是felt。第二步,梳理故事逻辑:先介绍很久以前有个农民(对应序号1),接着说他每天去田里看秧苗(对应序号2),然后他日夜想办法(对应序号3),之后有一天他想到办法去拔秧(对应序号4),然后他儿子听说了这件事(对应序号6),最后他累但开心(对应序号5),据此确定句子排序。
【解析】
1. 确定时态:所有句子讲述过去发生的故事,均使用一般过去时,括号内动词需转换为过去式:
go的过去式为went;
there be句型中主语a farmer是单数,be动词过去式为was;
think的过去式为thought;
grow的过去式为grew;
say的过去式为said;
have的过去式为had;
run的过去式为ran;
hear的过去式为heard;
die的过去式为died;
feel的过去式为felt。
2. 故事逻辑排序:按照“介绍农民→农民日常看秧苗→农民想办法→农民拔秧→儿子发现→农民累但开心”的顺序,句子排序为2 1 3 4 6 5。
【答案】
went, was, thought, grew, said, had, ran, heard, died, felt;排序:2 1 3 4 6 5
【知识点】
动词过去式不规则变化;一般过去时
【点评】
本题结合故事语境考查动词过去式的不规则变化,既需要学生掌握常见不规则动词的过去式,又要理解故事逻辑完成排序,是对基础知识的综合运用。
【难度系数】
0.5
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