Defining relative clauses and relative pronouns
A Read the article about an invention that changed the art world. Fill in the blanks with who, which or that.
This morning, when you brushed your teeth, you probably used a tube of toothpaste. Tubes like that are common today, but did you ever wonder where they came from? Believe it or not, their story begins in the world of art.
Long ago, to make the paint (1)
they used in their paintings, artists had to mix coloured powder with oil. This took a lot of time. Many painters also did not have the tools (2)
they needed to mix more than one or two colours at once. And, if artists made too much paint, it would dry out before they could use it. Some painters tried to avoid this by putting the extra paint in small pig bladders (膀胱). They were smelly and broke easily.
In 1841, John Rand, an American painter living in London, invented a metal tube (3)
he could keep paint in. These tubes did not leak and kept the paint safe until the artist needed it. Now painters could buy small tubes of paint (4)
they could take anywhere—and in almost every colour (5)
they could think of. This also made it easier for artists to paint outside because they did not need to carry as many things. This soon helped support a whole new art movement with painters (6)
loved painting colourful landscapes, such as Monet and Renoir.
解析：
本题考查限制性定语从句关系代词who, which, that的用法规则：who指代人，在从句中可作主语或宾语；which指代物，在从句中可作主语或宾语；that既可指代人也可指代物，在从句中可作主语或宾语。
1. 第1空先行词the paint是表示物的名词，关系代词在从句中作used的宾语，可填which/that；
2. 第2空先行词the tools是表示物的名词，关系代词在从句中作needed的宾语，可填which/that；
3. 第3空先行词a metal tube是表示物的名词，关系代词在从句中作介词in的宾语，可填which/that；
4. 第4空先行词small tubes of paint是表示物的名词，关系代词在从句中作take的宾语，可填which/that；
5. 第5空先行词every colour是表示物的名词，且被限定词every修饰，这种情况指代物的关系代词只能用that；
6. 第6空先行词painters是表示人的名词，关系代词在从句中作loved的主语，可填who/that。
