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四、信息还原(10分)
What is “monkey mind”?
Our mind is amazing. It helps us think, dream, plan and remember. But sometimes it feels like a monkey jumping around—our thoughts jump from one to another. 1.
A
Research shows that humans have about 6,000 thoughts every day. It’s normal to feel this way.
2.
C

Tip 1: Use your senses to focus. Your brain(脑)can’t turn off easily. When your thoughts start jumping, you can use your senses to focus. 3.
F
That’s because when your brain is relaxed, it’s easier to learn new things.
Tip 2: Do something creative. Creating things can make your brain stronger, which can build new connections in your brain. It helps you make better choices. 4.
E
Most importantly, be kind to your mind.
Tip 3: Try belly(腹部)breathing. Deep breath can slow down your brain. A fun way to practise is belly breathing. 5.
B
Then watch your hand rise when you breathe in, and fall when you breathe out. This helps you keep calm, and you can do it anytime, anywhere.
A. This is called a “monkey mind”.
B. Lie down and put your hand on your belly.
C. How can we calm down the “monkey”?
D. You should try to stop thinking completely.
E. So we can try drawing and other art activities.
F. It’s best to do this when you’re fully relaxed.
G. Pay attention to small changes around you.
答案:1. A 2. C 3. F 4. E 5. B
解析:
【分析】本题为英语信息还原题,需结合上下文的语义逻辑、指代关系选择合适的句子。第1空前文描述思想像猴子跳跃的现象,后文说明这种情况正常,需对该现象进行定义;第2空后文是三个让大脑平静的建议,需提出相关问题引出下文;第3空后文提到大脑放松时更易学习,需对应“放松时做某事”的表述;第4空前文讲创造性活动,需举相关例子;第5空后文提到看手的升降,需对应“手放腹部”的动作。
【解析】1. 前文提到“our thoughts jump from one to another”,后文说明这种情况正常,A选项“This is called a “monkey mind””对该现象进行定义,符合语境,故选A。2. 后文是三个让“monkey mind”平静的建议,C选项“How can we calm down the “monkey”?”提出相关问题,引出下文,故选C。3. 后文提到“when your brain is relaxed, it’s easier to learn new things”,F选项“It’s best to do this when you’re fully relaxed”与“放松时做某事”的逻辑一致,故选F。4. 前文讲“do something creative”,E选项“So we can try drawing and other art activities”是创造性活动的例子,符合语境,故选E。5. 后文提到“watch your hand rise when you breathe in, and fall when you breathe out”,B选项“Lie down and put your hand on your belly”为该动作做铺垫,故选B。
【答案】1.A 2.C 3.F 4.E 5.B
【知识点】英语信息还原、语篇衔接
【点评】本题考查英语补全短文的信息还原能力,要求学生具备语篇逻辑分析和上下文语境理解的能力,解题关键在于把握前后句的语义衔接。
【难度系数】0.6
五、词汇运用(9分)
1. Don't be afraid if you're
bullied
(恐吓)by anyone. We will all support you.
2. I think it's
silly
(傻的)to argue with our parents over such small things.
3. His confidence fell to the
bottom
(底)of his heart after he lost the competition.
4. You will
risk
(冒……的风险)losing friends if you're not honest with others.
5. The high-tech industry is seeing
rapid
(快速的)changes every day.
6. I love travelling but I h
ate
visiting crowded places. So I prefer online tours.
7. Children shouldn't go out alone at night unless an a
dult
is with them.
8. Start with topics others may be interested in if you have trouble c
ommunicating
with others.
9. Don't open the door for s
trangers
when you're home alone as you don't know them.
答案:1. bullied 2. silly 3. bottom 4. risk 5. rapid 6. hate 7. adult 8. communicating 9. strangers
解析:
【分析】
解答本题需结合每小题的语境、语法结构,依据中文提示或首字母,确定所需词汇的正确形式:1. 被动语态需用动词过去分词;2. it作形式主语时需形容词作表语;3. 考查固定搭配;4. will后接动词原形,结合固定搭配;5. 形容词修饰名词;6. 结合语境和首字母确定动词;7. 结合语境和首字母确定名词;8. 考查固定搭配have trouble doing sth;9. 结合语境和首字母确定名词复数。
【解析】
1. 句意:如果你被任何人恐吓不要害怕,我们会支持你。此处为被动语态,结构为be+过去分词,“恐吓”的过去分词是bullied,故填bullied。
2. 句意:我认为和父母为小事争吵是傻的。it作形式主语,真正主语是不定式,需形容词作表语,“傻的”是silly,故填silly。
3. 句意:比赛失利后,他的自信心跌到了心底。固定搭配the bottom of表示“……的底部”,故填bottom。
4. 句意:如果你对别人不诚实,你会冒着失去朋友的风险。will后接动词原形,固定搭配risk doing sth表示“冒险做某事”,故填risk。
5. 句意:高科技产业每天都在经历快速的变化。此处需形容词修饰名词changes,“快速的”是rapid,故填rapid。
6. 句意:我喜欢旅行但讨厌去拥挤的地方,所以更喜欢线上旅行。结合首字母h和语境,“讨厌”是hate,主语为I,一般现在时用原形,故填hate。
7. 句意:孩子们晚上不应该独自外出,除非有成年人陪同。结合首字母a和语境,“成年人”是adult,an后接单数名词,故填adult。
8. 句意:如果你在和别人交流上有困难,就从别人可能感兴趣的话题开始。固定搭配have trouble (in) doing sth表示“做某事有困难”,“交流”的动名词是communicating,故填communicating。
9. 句意:独自在家时不要给陌生人开门,因为你不认识他们。结合首字母s和语境,“陌生人”是stranger,此处表泛指用复数strangers,故填strangers。
【答案】
1. bullied 2. silly 3. bottom 4. risk 5. rapid 6. hate 7. adult 8. communicating 9. strangers
【知识点】
词汇运用、固定搭配、词性转换
【点评】
本题考查基础英语词汇运用,涵盖根据中文提示和首字母填空,涉及被动语态、固定搭配、词性等知识点,注重语境与语法的结合,是英语学习中的基础题型,适合巩固词汇基础。
【难度系数】
0.7
六、从方框中选择适当的单词或短语,在横线上填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次(5分)
$\boxed{\mathrm{kind}\quad \mathrm{decide}\quad \mathrm{easy}\quad \mathrm{go through}\quad \mathrm{even though}}$
“Come on! Who wants to do those boring school tasks? Let's play basketball instead,” says the most popular kid in your class. Then will you follow him?
This scene is an example of peer pressure (同龄人压力). Your peers try to influence your 1.
decisions
and push you to act as they do. Such pressure may 2.
easily
lead you to make wrong choices, such as saying 3.
unkind
words about your classmates. It is hard to say “no” to negative peer influence, 4.
even though
you know you should.
Learn to follow your inner voice and do what you believe is right. It's challenging sometimes, but it's always a wise choice. If you are 5.
going through
peer pressure, you should turn to someone you trust. They will offer you support and cheer you up.
答案:1. decisions 2. easily 3. unkind 4. even though 5. going through
解析:
【分析】
这是一道英语选词填空题,需先明确方框内单词/短语的词性、词义,再结合句子的语法结构、上下文语境,对单词进行适当变形,且每个词仅用一次。解题步骤:1. 梳理方框内词汇:kind(形容词,善良的)、decide(动词,决定)、easy(形容词,容易的)、go through(动词短语,经历)、even though(连词,即使);2. 逐个分析每个空的句子成分,确定所需词性、词义,再匹配对应词汇并变形。
【解析】
1. 第1空:空前是形容词性物主代词your,需填名词,decide的名词形式为decision,此处表泛指,用复数decisions,符合“同龄人影响你的决定”的语境。
2. 第2空:空后是动词lead,需用副词修饰,easy的副词形式为easily,符合“压力可能轻易让你做错误选择”的语义。
3. 第3空:空后是名词words,需填形容词,结合语境“说同学的坏话”,kind的否定形容词为unkind,符合要求。
4. 第4空:前后是两个完整句子,需填连词,even though(即使)符合“即使你知道该拒绝,也很难对负面同龄人压力说不”的逻辑关系。
5. 第5空:句子是现在进行时(结构为be+doing),需填动词短语的现在分词形式,go through的现在分词是going through,符合“如果你正在经历同龄人压力”的语境。
【答案】
1. decisions 2. easily 3. unkind 4. even though 5. going through
【知识点】
英语选词填空、词汇变形、语境运用
【点评】
本题考查词汇的词义理解、词性转换及语境适配,需结合句子结构和上下文逻辑完成单词变形,难度适中,适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6
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