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一、完形填空(10分)
At Beijing Chaoyang Railway Station, Cao Yan leads a service team to help passengers in need. Her team offers timely help and guides passengers orderly in the crowded station, which
A
1
Beijing with North and North-east China.
The team always keeps
B
2
when dealing with all kinds of emergencies. People can turn to them for help online, and the team never puts off any useful service.
Cao takes her
B
3
seriously. Before forming groups, she will
A
4
each member's strong points and train them carefully. They follow strict rules, but they treat every traveller sincerely.
Starting railway work in 2007, Cao kept learning all route(路线)information day after day, and her great efforts
C
5
. People even praise her as a "living map". Gradually, more people join the team to provide service.
B
6
Cao has to miss dinners with her family on festivals, she never regrets her choice. She thinks her work is really
A
7
. Helping others brings her a strong sense of happiness. She used to be a soldier. She knows clearly
C
8
she should stick to her original heart(初心).
Most passengers speak highly of their service, but few people fully know how much
C
9
they have made.
D
10
what challenges they meet, they are ready to face them bravely and offer "may I help you" at all times.
(
A
) 1. A. connects B. follows C. divides D. communicates
(
B
) 2. A. silent B. patient C. proud D. modest
(
B
) 3. A. level B. position C. spirit D. chance
(
A
) 4. A. consider B. explain C. doubt D. refuse
(
C
) 5. A. came out B. took place C. paid off D. ran out
(
B
) 6. A. Unless B. Though C. Since D. Until
(
A
) 7. A. valuable B. casual C. strange D. relaxing
(
C
) 8. A. how B. whether C. that D. when
(
C
) 9. A. time B. pain C. effort D. kindness
(
D
)10. A. Even if B. In case C. As well D. No matter
答案:1. A 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. C 10. D
解析:
【分析】做完形填空需先通读全文把握主旨(本文讲述铁路服务团队负责人曹燕带领团队服务乘客的事迹),再结合语境、词义辨析、固定搭配、逻辑关系逐一解题:1. 考查动词搭配;2. 形容词词义;3. 固定短语;4. 动词词义;5. 动词短语;6. 让步逻辑;7. 形容词词义;8. 宾语从句引导词;9. 名词词义;10. 让步状语短语。
【解析】1. 考查动词辨析。connect...with为固定搭配,意为“连接……与……”,此处指团队连接北京与华北、东北,符合语境,选A。2. 考查形容词辨析。patient意为“耐心的”,处理各类紧急情况时保持耐心,符合团队服务特点,选B。3. 考查名词辨析。take one's position seriously为固定短语,意为“认真对待岗位”,此处指曹燕认真对待工作岗位,选B。4. 考查动词辨析。consider意为“考虑”,组建团队前考虑成员优势并培训,符合语境,选A。5. 考查动词短语辨析。pay off意为“(努力)得到回报”,曹燕多年学习路线的努力终有回报,被称为“活地图”,选C。6. 考查连词辨析。though引导让步状语从句,意为“虽然”,此处指虽错过家人晚餐但不后悔,选B。7. 考查形容词辨析。valuable意为“有价值的”,曹燕认为助人工作有价值,选A。8. 考查宾语从句引导词。that引导宾语从句,在从句中无实义,此处指她清楚应坚守初心,选C。9. 考查名词辨析。effort意为“努力”,很少有人知道他们付出了多少努力,选C。10. 考查短语辨析。no matter what意为“无论什么”,引导让步状语从句,此处指无论遇到什么挑战都勇敢面对,选D。
【答案】A B B A C B A C C D
【知识点】完形填空、词义辨析、固定搭配
【点评】本文围绕铁路服务团队事迹展开,考查词汇辨析、固定搭配及上下文逻辑,需结合语境分析选项,难度适中,适合初中阶段练习。
【难度系数】0.6
二、阅读理解(16分)
A
Time flies when you have fun on your smartphone. But when you sit down to work and study, an hour feels like a year. ▲ It is all because of something small called dopamine which is a "joy chemical" that makes people feel good. Our brains(脑)release it when we eat yummy food, after we exercise or when we are praised.
Compared with studying, eating chocolate can make your brain release 150% more dopamine, and exercising for 30 minutes raises it by 200%. But using smartphones creates much more dopamine. For example, watching short videos gives a 250% increase, and checking new messages makes dopamine jump by 400%—much higher than studying. But why? When we go through social media, we don't know what we'll see next. This uncertainty makes dopamine active. Studying doesn't provide such uncertainty. Without the excitement of "gambling(赌博)", we get bored much more easily.
Can we do something to change that? According to research, apps can become less attractive if we turn off notifications(消息通知)or change the screen colours to black and white. We can also set time controls on apps. As for studying, you could check your progress daily or weekly and reward yourself for it. You could also explore interesting topics related to your textbooks.
(
D
)1. Which of the following can be put in " ▲ "?
A. Why is studying so important for our brains?
B. Why are we so easy to be tired of using smartphones?
C. Why is using a smartphone the best way to improve study?
D. Why are we so crazy about smartphones but easily bored with studying?
(
C
)2. What does the underlined word "release" mean in the passage?
A. Recycle. B. Reduce. C. Produce. D. Attract.
(
B
)3. Which of the following pictures shows the level of dopamine increase?

(
C
)4. What can be the best title for the passage?
A. The Joy Source of Life: Dopamine B. The Cure of Screen Habit: Phone Tips
C. The Fun-Killer of Study: Dopamine D. The Cure for Boredom: Learning Plans
B
答案:1. D 2. C 3. B 4. C
解析:
【分析】
1. 第1题:前文对比了玩手机时时间飞逝、学习时时间漫长的现象,后文引出多巴胺的作用,空格处需连接这两个现象的核心问题,即为什么沉迷手机却易厌倦学习,对应选项D。
2. 第2题:划线词所在句意为大脑在愉悦刺激下产生多巴胺,结合语境可推断“release”表示“产生”,对应选项C。
3. 第3题:原文明确给出多巴胺增加数据:eating chocolate为150%,exercising为200%,checking messages为400%,匹配图B的数值,对应选项B。
4. 第4题:全文围绕多巴胺展开,阐述其对玩手机和学习乐趣的不同影响,核心是多巴胺影响学习的趣味性,对应选项C。
【解析】
1. 第1题:根据上下文逻辑,空格处需承接前文的现象对比,提出“沉迷手机却易厌倦学习”的问题,故选D。
2. 第2题:结合语境,大脑在吃美食、锻炼等愉悦刺激下产生多巴胺,因此“release”意为“produce(产生)”,故选C。
3. 第3题:原文数据显示eating chocolate使多巴胺增加150%,exercising增加200%,checking messages增加400%,与图B完全匹配,故选B。
4. 第4题:文章主旨是多巴胺对学习乐趣的影响,标题需体现这一核心,“The Fun-Killer of Study: Dopamine”符合主旨,故选C。
【答案】1.D 2.C 3.B 4.C
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意
【点评】本题为英语阅读理解题,考查学生对文章细节、词义及主旨的理解能力,需结合上下文分析各问题,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
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