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四、阅读理解
This story happened in the Warring States Period (475-221 B.C.). At this time, different states fought with each other, trying to become the ruler. In 260 B.C., the State of Qin beat the State of Zhao. However, Zhao refused to give in. So in 259 B.C., they came to Handan, the capital of Zhao. When Qin's army surrounded (包围) Handan, the King of Zhao sent Pingyuan Jun to ask Chu for help. He was also allowed to take twenty advisors with him. But Pingyuan could only choose nineteen.
"Who could be the last?" he thought. "That's fine. Nineteen is no different from twenty."
A man named Mao Sui came to Pingyuan Jun. "My lord, I've heard you're short of one advisor. I can go with you."
"Sir, how long have you been with me?" Pingyuan Jun asked.
"Three years."
"A wise person gets noticed quickly. You've been here for three years, but I don't even know you. That means you are not good at anything. I'm afraid you'll have to stay."
"That's because I've been waiting for my time, like today," Mao Sui said.
Pingyuan Jun only half believed him but allowed him to join. When they arrived in Chu, Pingyuan Jun wasted no time in meeting its king. They talked all morning but nothing was decided. The nineteen advisors were at their wits' end.
Suddenly, Mao Sui stepped forward from the back of the room, one hand on his sword (剑).
"Assassin (刺客), assassin!" the King of Chu shouted and reached for his own sword.
"My lord, he's one of us," Pingyuan Jun said calmly.
"The room is too dark. I didn't think anyone was sitting there," the King said. He picked up his cup to hide his sudden movement towards his sword.
"My lord, you keep refusing our offer because Chu is a big state," Mao Sui said. "But how can such a great state forget its history? Qin has beaten you many times and burned your cities. Even we Zhao people feel ashamed of this. It's not wise for us to turn against each other."
The King of Chu agreed, "You're right. We should fight against Qin together."
After Pingyuan Jun returned home, he treated Mao Sui as a respected guest.
(
D
)1. What does the underlined phrase "at their wits' end" mean in paragraph 8?
A. Being very angry.
B. Becoming excited.
C. Having good ideas.
D. Being unable to do anything.
(
B
)2. Pingyuan Jun doubted Mao Sui at first because
.
A. Mao Sui looked strange
B. he had never seen Mao Sui's achievements (成就)
C. Mao Sui was not strong enough
D. he had already decided to take another person
(
B
)3. What can we infer (推断) about Mao Sui's personality from the story?
A. He is generous and modest.
B. He is brave and confident.
C. He is serious and careful.
D. He is patient and curious.
(
D
)4. What does the story tell us?
A. Success is just a matter of time.
B. No matter how hard your life is, you should learn to smile.
C. We can all become heroes as long as we do not fear failure.
D. We should be brave and confident when chances come up.
答案:1. D
2. B
3. B
4. D
解析:
【分析】
1. 第1题是词义猜测题,需结合上下文语境推断短语含义:定位到第8段,平原君与楚王会谈一早上未达成结果,十九位顾问此时应是无计可施,据此分析选项。
2. 第2题是细节理解题,需定位平原君对毛遂的质疑内容:平原君称毛遂跟随自己三年却不了解他,说明未看到其成就,对应选项。
3. 第3题是推理判断题,需从毛遂的行为(主动自荐、持剑面见楚王)推断性格:主动自荐体现自信,挺身而出体现勇敢。
4. 第4题是主旨大意题,需梳理故事核心:毛遂抓住机会,勇敢自信完成任务,对应主旨。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测题:定位第8段“they talked all morning but nothing was decided. The nineteen advisors were at their wits' end.”,会谈无果,顾问们无计可施,“at their wits' end”意为“无法做任何事”,故选D。
2. 细节理解题:定位平原君与毛遂的对话,平原君问毛遂“how long have you been with me?”,答“Three years.”,平原君称“you've been here for three years, but I don't even know you”,说明他从未看到毛遂的成就,故选B。
3. 推理判断题:毛遂主动自荐(“I can go with you”)体现自信;会谈陷入僵局时持剑挺身而出,体现勇敢,故性格为勇敢自信,选B。
4. 主旨大意题:故事讲述毛遂抓住机会,勇敢自信地完成求援任务,告诉我们机会来临时要勇敢自信,故选D。
【答案】
1.D 2.B 3.B 4.D
【知识点】
词义猜测题、细节理解题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本题围绕“毛遂自荐”的故事设置,考查学生对英语阅读中词义、细节、推理及主旨的理解能力,需结合上下文分析,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
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