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四、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。(每小题 1 分,共 5 分)
1. Please mind your
manners
(manner), Linda. It's not polite to make a loud noise at the dinner table.
2. She and her brother think
differently
(different)about the plan—he wants to start now, but she prefers to wait.
3. The teacher is
pleased
(please)to help any student who has questions about the lesson.
4. The couple promised
to support
(support)each other through good times and bad.
5. It's okay to disagree with friends as long as the
discussion
(discuss)remains respectful.
答案:1. manners 2. differently 3. pleased 4. to support 5. discussion
解析:
【分析】
这类用所给词适当形式填空的题型,核心解题思路是先分析空格在句子中充当的成分,判断所需的词性,再结合固定搭配、词汇的特殊用法进行变形,最后代入句子验证语义是否通顺。具体到每道题:1. 空格前有形容词性物主代词your,说明要接名词,结合语境“餐桌吵闹不礼貌”,对应表示礼仪的manner的正确形式;2. 空格在动词think之后,修饰动词需要用副词,把形容词different转为副词形式即可;3. 空格在be动词之后作表语,结合固定搭配“乐意做某事”转换please的形式;4. 谓语动词promise有固定的非谓语搭配,直接套用结构即可;5. 空格前有定冠词the,需要填入名词作从句主语,把动词discuss转为名词形式。
【解析】
1. 表示“礼貌、举止礼仪”时,manner需使用复数形式,构成常用固定搭配mind your manners,意为“注意你的举止/礼仪”,符合后文提到的餐桌吵闹不礼貌的语境,因此填manners。
2. 空格用于修饰实义动词think,修饰动词必须使用副词,形容词different的副词变形为differently,此处表达“对计划的想法不一样”,因此填differently。
3. 此处构成固定搭配be pleased to do sth,意为“乐意做某事”,形容词pleased放在be动词后作表语,表达老师乐于帮助有疑问的学生,因此填pleased。
4. 动词promise的固定用法为promise to do sth,意为“承诺做某事”,后面需要接动词不定式作宾语,因此填to support。
5. 空格前出现定冠词the,说明此处需要填入名词作后面从句的主语,动词discuss对应的名词形式是discussion,意为“讨论”,符合语境,因此填discussion。
【答案】
1. manners 2. differently 3. pleased 4. to support 5. discussion
【知识点】
词形转换,固定搭配,句子成分判断
【点评】
本题都是初中阶段的基础考点,重点考察学生对不同词性的句法功能的掌握,比如副词修饰动词、定冠词后接名词、形容词作表语等,同时也考察了几个高频的固定短语搭配,整体难度不高,只要平时积累到位,仔细分析句子成分就能拿到满分。
【难度系数】
0.7
五、根据汉语意思完成句子。(每小题 1.5 分,共 7.5 分)
1. 我担心她太年轻了不能做这份工作。
I'm afraid that she is
too young to do
this job.
2. 我认为从别人身边挤过去是不礼貌的。
I think it is
impolite to push past others
.
3. 你不能同时完成所有这些任务——一个一个来,别着急。
You can't finish all these tasks
all at once
—take them one by one and don't rush.
4. 我立刻就有了宾至如归的感觉,因为每个人都非常友好。(feel at home)
I felt at home right away because everyone was so friendly.

5. 几周后,这位交换生习惯了吃中国菜。(get used to)
After a few weeks, the exchange student got used to eating Chinese food.

答案:1. too young to do 2. impolite to push past others 3. all at once 4. I felt at home right away because everyone was so friendly. 5. After a few weeks, the exchange student got used to eating Chinese food.
解析:
【分析】
这道题是汉译英完成句子题型,解题思路是先定位每个空格/整句对应的汉语语义,再匹配课内学过的固定句型、固定短语,同时注意时态、非谓语动词等细节:
1. 第一题对应“太年轻了不能做”的语义,直接联想“太…而不能”的经典结构;
2. 第二题对应“做某事是不礼貌的”语义,联想it作形式主语的常用句型;
3. 第三题对应“同时”的语义,匹配和后文“一个一个来”对应的固定短语;
4. 第四题要用上指定提示短语feel at home,描述过去的感受统一用一般过去时,串联剩余语义即可;
5. 第五题要用上指定提示短语get used to,注意该短语后接动名词的规则,调整时态为一般过去时组合全句。
【解析】
1. 考察固定结构too...to...,含义为“太…而不能”,“年轻”对应young,“做(这份工作)”对应动词do,因此填入too young to do;
2. 考察it is + 形容词 + to do sth的形式主语句型,“不礼貌的”对应impolite,“从别人身边挤过去”对应固定表达push past others,因此填入impolite to push past others;
3. 考察固定短语,和“同时”语义匹配、和后文one by one对应的短语是all at once,因此填入all at once;
4. 需使用指定短语feel at home,描述过去发生的感受,主从句均用一般过去时,“立刻”对应right away,“每个人都非常友好”对应原因状语从句because everyone was so friendly,组合后得到完整句子:I felt at home right away because everyone was so friendly.
5. 需使用指定短语get used to,该短语后接动名词形式,描述过去发生的动作,谓语动词用过去式got,“几周后”对应After a few weeks,“交换生”对应the exchange student,“吃中国菜”对应eating Chinese food,组合后得到完整句子:After a few weeks, the exchange student got used to eating Chinese food.
【答案】
1. too young to do 2. impolite to push past others 3. all at once 4. I felt at home right away because everyone was so friendly. 5. After a few weeks, the exchange student got used to eating Chinese food.
【知识点】
too...to...结构
固定短语搭配
形式主语句型
【点评】
本题侧重考察初中阶段核心的常用句型和短语,难度偏基础,易错点集中在get used to后接动名词的规则、形式主语结构漏写不定式符号to,学生平时要多积累单元核心短语,注意非谓语的搭配规则就能轻松得分。
【难度系数】
0.6
六、短文填空。(每空 1 分,共 20 分)
A)
根据首字母提示补全短文。
“Sorry” is a word that people in Britain often say in their daily life.
One day while I was 1. w
walking
on the street, a young man ran by hurriedly, brushing(轻擦)against my handbag. He continued his way, but turned 2. b
back
and said “sorry” to me. Even in a rush, he didn't 3. f
forget
to say “sorry”. One day, after I bought some bananas, the shopkeeper was passing me the change, but I wasn't ready for it and a coin dropped onto the ground. “Sorry, madam,” he said 4. a
as
he bent forward to pick it up. I was 5. s
surprised
why he said “sorry” to me. Another time, I stepped on a man's 6. f
foot
at the entrance to a cinema. At the same time, we 7. b
both
said “sorry”.
Slowly, I get to know that when something unpleasant happens in daily life, the British don't 8. c
care
much about who is wrong. If someone is in trouble, 9. s
saying
“sorry” is always necessary. Perhaps that is 10. w
why
I seldom see people quarrel on the buses or streets in Britain.
答案:1. walking 2. back 3. forget 4. as 5. surprised 6. foot 7. both 8. care 9. saying 10. why
解析:
【分析】
做这类首字母提示型短文填空,首先要先通读全文,明确本文核心是介绍英国日常交际中频繁使用"sorry"的文化现象,把握整体语境后再逐空推导:先结合句子的时态、固定搭配逻辑,对应首字母提示判断所需单词的词性,再结合上下文语义确认词义,最后还要检查形式是否符合语法要求,比如时态变形、非谓语的正确形式等,避免出现拼写错误。
【解析】
1. 空前有was,本句为过去进行时结构(was+现在分词),结合"on the street"的场景,首字母w提示,表达走在街上的含义,填walking。
2. 前文提到年轻人继续往前走,转折后描述他转身向我道歉,固定搭配turn back表示转身,首字母b提示,填back。
3. 句意是即使十分匆忙,他也没有忘记说对不起,空前didn't后接动词原形,首字母f提示,填forget。
4. 句意是他一边弯腰向前捡硬币,一边对我说对不起,as引导时间状语从句,可表示"一边…一边…",首字母a提示,填as。
5. 当时我不理解店主为什么要向我道歉,因此我感到很惊讶,修饰人表示"感到惊讶的"用surprised,首字母s提示,填surprised。
6. 语境是在电影院入口我踩到了一位男士的脚,固定搭配step on one's foot表示踩到某人的脚,首字母f提示,填foot。
7. 这里指代我和被踩的男士两个人,我们两个人同时说了对不起,表"两者都"用both,首字母b提示,填both。
8. 固定搭配care about表示在意、在乎,句意是英国人不会太在意到底是谁的错,空前助动词don't后接动词原形,首字母c提示,填care。
9. 本句中"说对不起"在句中作主语,需要把动词变为动名词形式,首字母s提示,填saying。
10. 句意是或许这就是为什么我在英国的公交或者街上很少看到人们吵架的原因,固定结构that is why...表示"这就是…的原因",首字母w提示,填why。
【答案】
1. walking 2. back 3. forget 4. as 5. surprised 6. foot 7. both 8. care 9. saying 10. why
【知识点】
首字母短文填空;固定短语搭配;动名词作主语
【点评】
本题围绕英国道歉礼仪的文化主题设空,整体语境连贯,多数空依托初中阶段常见的固定搭配和基础语法点,既考查学生对上下文语义的理解能力,也兼顾了时态、非谓语等基础语法的掌握,同时还能帮助学生了解英语国家的日常交际文化,仅少数空需要注意词性变形,区分度合理。
【难度系数】
0.7
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