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五、根据汉语意思完成句子。(每小题1.5分,共7.5分)
1. 他认为在比赛中最重要的事不是赢得奖品,而是参与。
He thinks the most important thing
in the competition is not to win a prize, but to take part
.
2. 这个男孩天生有智力缺陷,但是他对自己的未来有信心。
This boy
was born with
intellectual disabilities, but he
has confidence in
his future.
3. 如果每个人都能伸出援助之手,残疾人的生活将会变得容易得多。
If everyone can
give a helping hand
, the life of the disabled will
become much easier
.
4. 他上周得了重感冒,不得不卧床三天。(suffer from)
He suffered from a bad cold last week and had to stay in bed for three days.

5. 对学生来说在学习和玩耍之间保持平衡是重要的。(it's important for sb. to do sth.)
It's important for students to have/keep a balance between study and play.

答案:1. in the competition is not to win a prize, but to take part 2. was born with; has confidence in 3. give a helping hand; become much easier 4. He suffered from a bad cold last week and had to stay in bed for three days. 5. It's important for students to have/keep a balance between study and play.
解析:
【分析】
做这类根据汉语意思完成句子的题型,解题思路可以按三步走:第一,先拆分汉语句意,定位需要补全的核心表达,对应回忆课内学过的固定短语、指定句型;第二,结合句子的时间标志、主语人称判断正确的时态、主谓一致形式,还要注意并列结构(比如not...but...)要保证前后非谓语形式统一;第三,写完后通读整句,检查语法逻辑是否通顺,有没有漏译内容,符合题干给出的特殊词/句型要求,比如第4题要求用suffer from、第5题要求用指定it作形式主语的结构,都要对应落实。
【解析】
1. 对应汉语“在比赛中”译为in the competition,句子主语the most important thing是单数,be动词用is;固定结构not...but...连接并列表语时要保证形式一致,都用不定式结构,“赢得奖品”译为to win a prize,“参与”译为to take part,因此补全对应内容。
2. 第一空“天生具有”是固定搭配be born with,男孩出生是过去发生的事,主语为单数,be动词用was,因此填was born with;第二空“对……有信心”是固定短语have confidence in,句子描述当下的状态,用一般现在时,主语he是第三人称单数,have变为has,因此填has confidence in。
3. 第一空“伸出援助之手”是固定短语give a helping hand,前面有情态动词can,后面接动词原形,因此填give a helping hand;第二空“容易得多”要用much修饰形容词比较级easier表示程度加深,will后接动词原形,“变得”译为become,因此填become much easier。
4. 题干要求使用提示词suffer from,“上周得了重感冒”译为suffered from a bad cold last week,时间为上周,动词用一般过去时;“不得不卧床三天”译为had to stay in bed for three days,和前半句并列,动词也用过去式,组合后得到完整句子。
5. 题干要求使用指定句型it's important for sb. to do sth.,it作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式结构,“在学习和玩耍之间保持平衡”译为have/keep a balance between study and play,代入句型后得到完整句子。
【答案】
1. in the competition is not to win a prize, but to take part
2. was born with; has confidence in
3. give a helping hand; become much easier
4. He suffered from a bad cold last week and had to stay in bed for three days.
5. It's important for students to have/keep a balance between study and play.
【知识点】
固定短语搭配,英语时态运用,it形式主语句型
【点评】
本题属于初中英语基础题型,核心考察课内要求掌握的课标短语和基础常用句型,易错点集中在not...but...并列结构的形式一致性、修饰比较级的副词much的使用、过去时态的正确变形,学生只要平时做好短语积累,答题时留意时态和主谓一致的细节,就能拿到不错的分数。
【难度系数】
0.65
六、短文填空。(每空1分,共20分)
A) (2025·南京市鼓楼区期末)根据首字母提示补全短文。
When I was six, a new family moved into the house next door. There was a girl, Frances, who was about my 1. a
ge
. We became best friends soon. I was too young to notice the 2. s
ad
situation in her life, but my mother did.
Mum found that Frances never invited 3. a
nyone/anybody
into their house. Her mother went to work very early in the morning and came back looking very 4. t
ired
and pale. Her two brothers wore dirty clothes and were never at home. Frances was 5. a
lways
hungry, and her clothes were often too small.
One day, Mum asked me, "Would you mind if I gave Frances some of your clothes?" I agreed. From then on, I saw 6. h
ow
Mum treated her with kindness, like a second daughter. And sometimes they would just sit together and talk while I was doing something else. This continued for years, 7. u
ntil
we were both teenagers. But then her mother decided they were moving back to Ireland. We promised to 8. w
rite
to each other.
Years later, I received a letter from Frances. It said, "I have used your mother's 9. e
xample
as my guide to care for people around me. Now, I work to help children in similar situations, and I run a successful charity supporting poor children. Your mother has 10. t
aught
me what proper care feels like. We never know how our kindness will influence others, but it's always worth trying."
答案:1. age 2. sad 3. anyone/anybody 4. tired 5. always 6. how 7. until 8. write 9. example 10. taught
解析:
【分析】
做这类首字母提示的短文填空,首先第一步要通读全文,梳理清楚文章的核心叙事逻辑:本文讲述了作者的母亲用善意关怀家境不好的邻居女孩,这份善意最终影响女孩投身公益、传递善意的故事。接下来逐空结合上下文语义、首字母提示、语法规则和常用搭配推导答案:先联系空格前后的内容判断所需单词的词性和含义,再匹配对应首字母的常用词汇,最后代入通读验证语义通顺即可。
【解析】
1. 句意:有一个名叫Frances的女孩,和我年龄差不多。固定搭配about one's age表示“和某人同龄”,符合两人很快成为好友的语境,首字母a,填age。
2. 句意:我当时年纪太小,没注意到她生活里的悲惨处境,但我的妈妈注意到了。后文多处描述Frances家境窘迫、生活条件差,说明她的处境是令人难过的,首字母s,填sad。
3. 句意:妈妈发现Frances从来没有邀请过任何人去她们家。本句为否定句,表达“任何人”的含义,首字母a,填anyone/anybody。
4. 句意:她的妈妈清晨很早就去上班,回家的时候看起来非常疲惫、面色苍白。早出晚归工作的状态对应的状态是疲惫劳累,首字母t,填tired。
5. 句意:Frances总是很饿,她的衣服也经常太小。前后文都体现她的生活条件很差,这里表示她长期处于饥饿的状态,首字母a,填always。
6. 句意:从那之后,我看到妈妈是如何用善意对待她的,就像对待自己的第二个女儿一样。此处引导宾语从句表示“以何种方式、如何”,首字母h,填how。
7. 句意:这种状态持续了很多年,直到我们都长成青少年。表示动作一直延续到某个时间节点,含义为“直到”,首字母u,填until。
8. 句意:我们承诺会互相给对方写信。后文提到多年后作者收到了Frances的来信,对应之前约定互相通信的情节,promise to do后接动词原形,首字母w,填write。
9. 句意:我一直把你妈妈的榜样作为指引,去关怀我身边的人。此处指作者母亲的善意行为是Frances学习的榜样,首字母e,填example。
10. 句意:你的妈妈教会了我恰当的关怀是什么感觉。本句为现在完成时,结构为has+动词过去分词,teach的过去分词为taught,首字母t,符合语义。
【答案】
1. age 2. sad 3. anyone/anybody 4. tired 5. always 6. how 7. until 8. write 9. example 10. taught
【知识点】
首字母短文填空,固定搭配,现在完成时
【点评】
本题属于叙事类首字母填空题,整体语境清晰,大部分空格都可以通过上下文逻辑和常用词汇搭配直接推导,既考察学生对语篇整体的梳理能力,也考察基础词汇的掌握程度,同时传递了善意可以深远影响他人的正向价值观,学生容易出错的点是部分空的语法形式判断,比如第10空需要注意现在完成时要使用动词过去分词,避免拼写错误。
【难度系数】
0.7
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