2026年通城学典课时作业本八年级英语下册译林版江苏专版第62页解析答案——零五网—

五、根据汉语意思完成句子。(每小题1.5分,共7.5分)
1. 她享受了公司提供的免费培训带来的好处。
She enjoyed

the

benefit

free training

provided by the company.
2. 许多村民患有眼疾,因此来自奥比斯的志愿医生为他们免费做手术。
Many villagers

suffered

from

eye problems, so volunteer doctors from Orbis

did

operations

on them freely.
3. 贫困国家的许多儿童在成长过程中错失了上学的机会。
Many children in poor countries

miss

out

going

to school

when they grow up.
4. 医生们经常志愿为有眼疾的人做手术。(operate on)

The doctors often volunteer to operate on people with eye problems.

5. 我力争在周五前完成报告。(aim to do sth.)

I aim to finish the report by Friday.

答案：1. the benefit of free training 2. suffered from; did operations 3. miss out on going to school 4. The doctors often volunteer to operate on people with eye problems. 5. I aim to finish the report by Friday.

解析：

【分析】
这是初中英语典型的汉译英完成句子题型，解题思路如下：首先通读每道题的汉语句意，明确待填部分对应的语义，同时留意题干给出的指定短语提示；接着回忆对应语义的英语固定搭配，核对空数是否完全匹配；之后结合语境判断正确的时态，描述已发生的过往事件用一般过去时，描述客观常态、常规行为用一般现在时；最后组合内容，检查语法通顺度，避免出现中式英语错误。
【解析】
1. 待填部分对应语义“免费培训带来的好处”，刚好四个空，填入匹配的固定表达the benefit of free training即可。
2. 第一组空对应“患有（疾病）”，固定搭配为suffer from，描述过去发生的事件用一般过去时，填suffered from；第二组空对应“做手术”，固定搭配为do operations，同样用一般过去时，填did operations。
3. 五个空对应语义“错失了上学的机会”，固定短语miss out on表示错失机会，后接动名词结构going to school，组合后刚好五个空，符合要求。
4. 按照要求使用指定短语operate on，主语为The doctors，“志愿做某事”用volunteer to do sth.，“有眼疾的人”用people with eye problems作后置定语，组合得到完整通顺的句子。
5. 按照要求使用指定短语aim to do sth.，主语为I，“完成报告”译为finish the report，“在周五前”译为by Friday，组合得到符合要求的句子。
【答案】
1. the benefit of free training
2. suffered from; did operations
3. miss out on going to school
4. The doctors often volunteer to operate on people with eye problems.
5. I aim to finish the report by Friday.
【知识点】
英语固定搭配，汉译英构建，动词时态运用
【点评】
本题侧重考察初中英语核心短语的应用能力，围绕慈善、日常规划等常见话题出题，既要求学生牢记课内固定搭配，也要求学生能正确套用题干给出的指定短语，结合语境判断时态，规避介词误用、时态错用等常见失分点，整体偏向基础应用考察。
【难度系数】
0.7

六、短文填空。(每空1分,共15分)
A)(核心素养·文化意识)根据首字母提示补全短文。
校园里的中草药课堂
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is used to help people keep fit. But have you ever imagined that one day you can learn herb(药草) planting and TCM courses at school?
A primary school in Nanjing has just 1. o

pened

a herb farm. More than 30 herbs are planted. Students there are guided by doctors 2. f

rom

a TCM hospital to tell different herbs and learn plant development, medicinal value as well as 3. g

rowing

herbs. The hospital has also donated over 100 cartoon books about TCM to help draw children's attention in herbal 4. m

edicine

.
Another middle school has 5. i

ntroduced

TCM courses to students of all grades. These courses 6. c

over

a basic knowledge of herbs, herb planting and cooking with herbs. They give students a deeper understanding of TCM, bringing out their sense of 7. p

ride

in Chinese traditions and the country's rich culture.
Also in Shanghai, Tongji University has provided foreign students with some 8. c

hances

to plant different kinds of herbs 9. w

idely

used in Chinese medicine and cooking. By taking care of the plants, foreign students can get first-hand experience of making herbal medicine from start to finish, and spread TCM culture to their 10. o

countries.
The herb planting courses at schools and universities across China get students close to TCM and help pass on the tradition.

答案：1. opened 2. from 3. growing 4. medicine 5. introduced 6. cover 7. pride 8. chances 9. widely 10. own

解析：

【分析】
做这类首字母提示短文填空时，首先第一步要先通读全文，理清文章主旨：本文介绍了国内多所中小学、大学开设中草药相关课程，传承推广中医药文化的相关内容，明确整体语境是校园文化类的说明文本。接下来逐空分析：先判断空格所需的词性，再结合前后文的搭配逻辑、给出的首字母提示，同时兼顾时态、词性变形规则推导答案，全部填完后再通读全文验证逻辑是否通顺、语法是否正确，就能得到正确结果。
【解析】
1. 本句用了现在完成时结构"has + 过去分词"，结合后文的"药草农场"和首字母o，表达"开办、开设"农场的含义，open的过去分词形式为opened，符合语境。
2. 此处作后置定语修饰前面的doctors，表达"来自中医院的医生"的含义，首字母f对应的介词from符合用法。
3. 此处和前文的"植物生长、药用价值"并列，都是学生学习的内容，结合首字母g，表达"种植草药"的含义，需要用动名词形式growing，和前后名词性成分保持并列一致。
4. 此处是固定搭配herbal medicine，意为"草药、药学"，结合首字母m，填medicine，符合"吸引孩子对草药相关内容的注意力"的语境。
5. 本句是现在完成时结构"has + 过去分词"，结合后文的"面向全年级的中医药课程"和首字母i，表达"引入、推出课程"的含义，introduce的过去分词introduced符合要求。
6. 本句缺少谓语动词，主语courses是复数，用一般现在时，结合后文罗列的课程内容和首字母c，表达"涵盖、包含"的含义，填cover。
7. 此处是固定搭配sense of pride，意为"自豪感"，结合首字母p，填pride，符合语境"激发学生对中国传统文化的自豪感"。
8. 空格前有some修饰，需要填可数名词复数，结合后文"种植不同草药"的机会和首字母c，chance的复数形式chances符合语义。
9. 此处修饰后面的动词used，需要用副词，结合语境"广泛应用于中医药和烹饪中"和首字母w，填副词widely。
10. 此处是固定搭配their own countries，意为"他们自己的国家"，结合首字母o，填own，符合"外国学生把中医药文化带回自己国家传播"的语境。
【答案】
1. opened 2. from 3. growing 4. medicine 5. introduced 6. cover 7. pride 8. chances 9. widely 10. own
【知识点】
1. 首字母短文填空
2. 词汇语境运用
3. 固定搭配辨析
【点评】
本题紧扣文化意识核心素养，选取中医药进校园的热点主题，既考察学生对现在完成时、词性转换等基础语法点的掌握，也锻炼学生结合上下文逻辑推导词汇的能力，题目涉及的词汇都是初中阶段高频核心词，同时能让学生了解我国中医药文化传承的相关举措，兼具知识性和教育意义。
【难度系数】
0.7