2026年通城学典课时作业本八年级英语下册译林版江苏专版第63页解析答案——零五网—

B) 阅读下面对话,从方框中选择适当的词填空(有一个多余)。
work for ready known comfortable set up volunteer
A: Do you know what MSF stands for?
B: Sure! MSF is short for Medecins Sans Frontieres, which is also 1.

known

as Doctors Without Borders. It's a French term, right?
A: Exactly! How was this organization founded?
B: It was 2.

set up

by some French doctors and journalists in 1971. Since then, MSF has sent trained doctors to countries all over the world to help people affected by disasters like wars and illnesses.
A: Wow, that's impressive. Are there many doctors and nurses involved?
B: Of course! Every year, around 3,000 doctors and nurses 3.

work for

MSF, and so far, many doctors have volunteered for the organization. It even won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1999.
A: What kind of doctors can volunteer for MSF?
B: Doctors from all specialties are welcome. But they need to be 4.

ready

to go anywhere in the world. Usually, when MSF selects doctors for a mission, they have to stay for at least six months.
A: That's a big commitment. Why would doctors leave a 5.

comfortable

life and good pay to join MSF?
B: Some of them say the experience is incredibly valuable for their personal and professional growth. Plus, they feel great about lending a helping hand to those in need.

答案：1. known 2. set up 3. work for 4. ready 5. comfortable

解析：

【分析】
这是对话类选词填空题，解题时首先要通读完整对话，明确对话围绕公益组织无国界医生MSF的相关背景展开，再逐一结合空格前后的语法结构、固定搭配和语境语义匹配备选词：首先先梳理所有备选词的含义，再优先从有明显固定搭配提示的空格入手，比如第一空后面有as，对应be known as的常用搭配，后续再结合被动语态结构、谓语成分需求、形容词修饰名词的规则依次推导剩余空格，最后代入所有答案通读验证逻辑通顺，排除多余的volunteer即可。
【解析】
1. 第一空：此处符合固定搭配be known as，意为“被称为、作为…而广为人知”，句意为“MSF是Medecins Sans Frontieres的缩写，它也被叫做无国界医生”，完全符合语境，因此填known。
2. 第二空：句子为一般过去时的被动语态，结构是was+动词过去分词，前文询问该组织的创立方式，set up意为“创立、建立”，set的过去分词仍为set，填入后语义为“它是1971年由部分法国医生和记者创立的”，符合上下文逻辑，因此填set up。
3. 第三空：句子缺少谓语动词，主语是每年约3000名医护人员，宾语是MSF这个组织，work for意为“为…工作”，填入后语义通顺，符合语境，因此填work for。
4. 第四空：符合固定搭配be ready to do sth.，意为“准备好做某事”，句意为“但他们需要做好前往世界任意地点的准备”，和后文提到的执行任务至少停留6个月的要求对应，因此填ready。
5. 第五空：此处需要形容词修饰名词life，comfortable是形容词，意为“舒适的”，句意为“为什么医生要离开舒适的生活和高薪加入MSF呢？”，符合后文讨论职业选择的逻辑，因此填comfortable。
多余未使用的选项为volunteer。
【答案】
1. known 2. set up 3. work for 4. ready 5. comfortable
【知识点】
固定搭配辨析，动词语态，形容词用法
【点评】
本题围绕学生熟悉的国际公益组织主题展开，考察的都是初中阶段核心的短语搭配和基础语法点，解题难度不高，只要先把握对话整体话题，再结合空格前后的提示信息逐一匹配选项，最后代入通读校验就能得到正确结果，同时也能拓展相关公益常识。
【难度系数】
0.7

七、(2025·无锡市锡山区期末)任务型阅读。(每小题2分,共10分)
In Kibaha, near the capital Dar es Salaam, architects(建筑师) built a new village called Hope Village with 3D-printed earth. The project was finished in February, 2025.
Supported by the charity One Heart, Hope Village is designed by Hassell and Clarke Hopkins Clarke(CHC) to help children from across the country who have unsafe home environments.
The village has offered schooling for up to 480 children, as well as childcare and skill training for children between 3 and 18 years old. In the center of Hope Village is its landmark building—a community center. It is a 3D-printed design, and it is used as a school hall and dining hall during the week and open to the public for events at weekends.
The walls are 3D-printed with earth so they can be recycled. "We want to make sure that we're able to build walls that can circulate(循环) air in the building, but also bring in light at the same time, and turning to 3D printing allows for an open, 'porous(多孔的)' wall design," said Mark, the lead designer from CHC.
The project is not just to use design to help local people improve their daily life but to bring hope and education in Kibaha and leave it there.
根据短文内容,回答下列问题。(每题答案不超过6个词)
1. When was Hope Village finished?

In February, 2025.

2. Who supported the building of Hope Village?

The charity One Heart.

3. What is Hope Village used as during the week?

A school hall and dining hall.

4. Why are the walls 3D-printed with earth?

They can be recycled.

5. What do you think of "Hope Village"?

It's a sustainable, hopeful community project.

答案：1. In February, 2025. 2. The charity One Heart. 3. A school hall and dining hall. 4. They can be recycled. 5. It's a sustainable, hopeful community project. (言之有理即可)

解析：

【分析】
做这道任务型阅读时，首先先通读题干明确每个问题的提问方向，再带着问题回原文精准定位对应语句，提取符合题意的信息，同时严格遵守题干要求的“答案不超过6个词”的规则：第1题问完工时间，直接找原文标注项目完工时间的句子；第2题问支持主体，定位介绍项目资助方的段落开头；第3题问周中用途，找描述社区中心功能的语句；第4题问泥土3D打印墙体的原因，定位第四段开头的因果句提取结果；第5题为开放题，结合文本主旨给出合理的简短评价即可。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段第二句“The project was finished in February, 2025.”，直接提取完工时间，符合字数要求。
2. 定位原文第二段第一句“Supported by the charity One Heart, Hope Village is designed...”，直接提取项目的支持主体。
3. 定位原文第三段末尾句“it is used as a school hall and dining hall during the week”，提取周中对应的用途即可。
4. 定位原文第四段首句“The walls are 3D-printed with earth so they can be recycled.”，提取so后引导的原因内容，符合字数限制。
5. 本题为开放性试题，结合文本介绍的Hope Village的公益、环保属性，给出简短合理的评价即可，表述通顺、符合文意即可得分。
【答案】
1. In February, 2025.
2. The charity One Heart.
3. A school hall and dining hall.
4. They can be recycled.
5. It's a sustainable, hopeful community project. (言之有理即可)
【知识点】
阅读理解细节提取，阅读简答规范，文意主旨理解
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的说明文任务型阅读，绝大多数答案都可以直接从原文定位获取，重点考察学生快速查找关键信息、按要求规范作答的能力，最后一道开放题引导学生结合文本内容进行合理表达，兼顾基础能力考察和思维拓展。
【难度系数】
0.7