24. 「2025 江苏盐城一模」(12 分) 图 1 是大家非常熟悉的“一线三直角模型”,受此模型的启发,我们研究如下问题:如图 2,在 $△ ABC$ 中,$∠ A = 90°$,将线段 $BC$ 绕点 $B$ 顺时针旋转 $90°$ 得到线段 $BD$,作 $DE⊥ AB$ 交 $AB$ 的延长线于点 $E$,连接 $CD$ 并延长交 $AB$ 的延长线于点 $F$.
(1)若 $AB = 2$,$AC = 6$,求线段 $EF$ 的长.
(2)在(1)的条件下,连接 $CE$ 交 $BD$ 于点 $N$,求 $\dfrac{BN}{BC}$ 的值.
(3)在(1)的条件下,在直线 $AB$ 上找点 $P$,使 $\sin∠ BCP = \dfrac{3}{5}$,直接写出线段 $BP$ 的长度.

答案:24. 解析 (1)$\because ∠ CBD = 90°$,$\therefore ∠ ABC+∠ DBE = 90°$,$\because ∠ A = 90°$,$\therefore ∠ ABC+∠ ACB = 90°$,$\therefore ∠ DBE=∠ ACB$.又$\because ∠ A=∠ DEB = 90°$,$CB = BD$,$\therefore △ ABC≌△ EDB(AAS)$,$\therefore DE = AB$,$BE = AC$.(2分)$\because AB = 2$,$AC = 6$,$\therefore DE = 2$,$BE = 6$,$\therefore AE = AB + BE = 2 + 6 = 8$.$\because ∠ DEB+∠ A = 180°$,$\therefore DE// AC$,$\therefore △ DEF∽△ CAF$,(3分)$\therefore \frac{DE}{AC}=\frac{EF}{FA}$,$\therefore \frac{2}{6}=\frac{EF}{EF + 8}$,解得$EF = 4$.(4分)(2)如图,过点$N$作$NM⊥ AF$于点$M$,
$\because ∠ A=∠ CBD=∠ BMN = 90°$,$\therefore ∠ ABC+∠ ACB = 90°$,$∠ ABC+∠ NBM = 90°$,$\therefore ∠ ACB=∠ NBM$,$\therefore △ ABC∽△ MNB$,$\therefore \frac{BN}{BC}=\frac{BM}{AC}=\frac{MN}{AB}$,即$\frac{BN}{BC}=\frac{BM}{6}=\frac{MN}{2}$,$\therefore MN=\frac{1}{3}BM$.(5分)$\because MN// AC$,$\therefore △ EMN∽△ EAC$,$\therefore \frac{ME}{AE}=\frac{MN}{AC}$.(6分)设$BM = x$,则$ME = BE - BM = 6 - x$,$MN=\frac{1}{3}x$,$\therefore \frac{6 - x}{8}=\frac{\frac{1}{3}x}{6}$,解得$x=\frac{54}{13}$,$\therefore \frac{BN}{BC}=\frac{BM}{AC}=\frac{\frac{54}{13}}{6}=\frac{9}{13}$.(8分)(3)$BP$的长度为$4$或$\frac{20}{3}$.(12分)详解:如图1,当$P$在$B$点的左侧时,过点$P$作$PQ⊥ BC$于点$Q$,$\because \sin∠ BCP=\frac{3}{5}$,$\therefore \frac{PQ}{CP}=\frac{3}{5}$.设$PQ = 3a$,则$CP = 5a$,$\therefore CQ=\sqrt{(5a)^{2}-(3a)^{2}} = 4a$,$\because AC = 6$,$AB = 2$,$∠ BAC = 90°$,$\therefore \tan∠ ABC=\frac{AC}{AB}=\frac{6}{2}=3$,$BC=\sqrt{2^{2}+6^{2}} = 2\sqrt{10}$,$\because \tan∠ PBQ=\tan∠ ABC=\frac{PQ}{BQ}=3$,$\therefore BQ=\frac{1}{3}PQ = a$,$\therefore BC = CQ + BQ = 4a + a = 5a$,即$5a = 2\sqrt{10}$,解得$a=\frac{2\sqrt{10}}{5}$.在$Rt△ PBQ$中,$PQ = 3a$,$BQ = a$,$\therefore BP=\sqrt{PQ^{2}+BQ^{2}}=\sqrt{10}a=\sqrt{10}×\frac{2\sqrt{10}}{5}=4$.
如图2,当$P$在$B$点的右侧时,过点$P$作$PT⊥ BC$交$CB$的延长线于点$T$,$\because ∠ ABC=∠ PBT$,$∠ A=∠ T = 90°$,$\therefore ∠ BPT=∠ ACB$,$\because \tan∠ ACB=\frac{AB}{AC}=\frac{1}{3}$,$\therefore \tan∠ BPT=\frac{BT}{PT}=\tan∠ ACB=\frac{1}{3}$.设$BT = b$,则$PT = 3b$,$\therefore BP=\sqrt{10}b$,$\because \sin∠ BCP=\frac{3}{5}$,$\therefore \tan∠ BCP=\frac{3}{4}=\frac{PT}{CT}$,即$\frac{3b}{2\sqrt{10}+b}=\frac{3}{4}$,解得$b=\frac{2\sqrt{10}}{3}$,$\therefore BP=\sqrt{10}b=\sqrt{10}×\frac{2\sqrt{10}}{3}=\frac{20}{3}$.
综上所述,$BP$的长度为$4$或$\frac{20}{3}$.