一、根据句子意思,用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. As ninth graders, we must try
to manage
(manage) our time well.
2.
Staying
(stay) up late is bad for your health. You should go to sleep early.
3. I
have been
(be) busy preparing for the midterm exam recently.
4. It takes courage
to grow
(grow) up and face difficulties.
5. —How much time do you spend
reading
(read) books every day? —Less than two hours.
答案:1. to manage
2. Staying
3. have been
4. to grow
5. reading
解析:
【分析】
本题考查英语中固定搭配、非谓语动词及时态的运用,解题时需结合句子结构、语境及语法规则判断单词的正确形式:1. 看到try回忆固定搭配,确定用不定式;2. 动词作主语需用动名词,注意首字母大写;3. 时间状语recently对应现在完成时;4. 固定句型需用不定式作真正主语;5. 看到spend回忆固定搭配,确定用动名词。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配try to do sth意为“尽力做某事”,故填to manage;
2. 动词作主语需用动名词形式,stay的动名词为staying,句首首字母大写,故填Staying;
3. 时间状语recently是现在完成时的标志,主语为I,现在完成时结构为have+过去分词,be的过去分词是been,故填have been;
4. 固定句型It takes courage to do sth意为“做某事需要勇气”,此处用不定式作真正主语,故填to grow;
5. 固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth意为“花费时间做某事”,read的动名词为reading,故填reading。
【答案】
1. to manage
2. Staying
3. have been
4. to grow
5. reading
【知识点】
固定搭配、非谓语动词、现在完成时
【点评】
本题为英语基础题型,考查初中核心的固定搭配、非谓语动词用法及时态运用,需牢记常见语法规则和搭配,难度较低,是学生必须掌握的基础内容。
【难度系数】
0.7
(
A
)1. The boy has no friends at school, so he often stays alone and feels
lonely
.
A.lonely
B.pleased
C.comfortable
D.warm
答案:1. A 【点拨】句意:这个男孩在学校没有朋友,所以他经常独处并感到孤独。lonely 孤独的。故选 A。
解析:
【分析】首先理解句子语境:男孩在学校没有朋友,经常独处,需判断他的感受。接着辨析四个选项的形容词含义:A选项lonely意为“孤独的”,侧重情感上的孤独;B选项pleased意为“高兴的”;C选项comfortable意为“舒服的”;D选项warm意为“温暖的”。结合语境,没朋友且独处对应的感受是孤独,因此选A。
【解析】先翻译句子:这个男孩在学校没有朋友,所以他经常独处并感到________。再分析选项:A.lonely(孤独的),契合“无朋友、独处”的语境;B.pleased(高兴的)不符合语境;C.comfortable(舒服的)不符合;D.warm(温暖的)不符合。故答案为A。
【答案】A
【知识点】形容词词义辨析、语境理解
【点评】本题考查形容词词义辨析,需结合句子语境选择合适的词汇,属于基础词汇运用题,难度较低。
【难度系数】0.3
(
B
)2. His bad habits
led to
his poor grades in the final exam last term.
A.got on
B.led to
C.waited for
D.went over
答案:2. B 【点拨】句意:他的坏习惯导致了上学期期末成绩差。led to(lead to 的过去式)意为“导致”。故选 B。
解析:
【分析】
本题考查动词短语辨析,需结合句意判断合适的短语。先明确句子含义:他的坏习惯________上学期期末成绩差。再逐一分析选项短语的含义,匹配语境即可得出答案。
【解析】
句子意为“他的坏习惯导致了上学期期末成绩差”。A项got on意为“上车;进展”,不符合语境;B项led to是lead to的过去式,意为“导致”,符合句意;C项waited for意为“等待”,不符合;D项went over意为“复习;仔细检查”,不符合。因此选B。
【答案】
B
【知识点】
动词短语辨析;一般过去时
【点评】
本题为基础的动词短语词义辨析题,需准确掌握常见动词短语的含义,结合语境即可选出正确答案,属于易得分题。
【难度系数】
0.7
(
A
)3. —You look sleepy in class. What's wrong?
—I always play mobile phone games late. My parents ask me to
cut back on
the time and pay more attention to my lessons.
A.cut back on
B.come out
C.turn off
D.look for
答案:3. A 【点拨】cut back on 减少,削减,符合语境。故选 A。
解析:
【分析】本题为动词短语词义辨析题,解题思路是:先明确每个选项中动词短语的含义,再结合题干语境(学生因玩手机到很晚上课犯困,父母要求他减少时间、关注功课),筛选出符合语境的短语。
【解析】逐一分析选项:A选项cut back on意为“减少,削减”;B选项come out意为“出版,出现”;C选项turn off意为“关掉(电器等)”;D选项look for意为“寻找”。题干语境是父母要求学生减少玩手机的时间,多关注功课,因此A选项符合语境。
【答案】A
【知识点】动词短语辨析
【点评】本题考查常用动词短语的词义辨析,需学生掌握常见短语的含义并结合语境判断,属于基础题型,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5
(
D
)4. Staying up late makes many middle school students
feel tired
and unable to listen carefully in class.
A.feel happy
B.feel warm
C.feel free
D.feel tired
答案:4. D 【点拨】句意:熬夜让很多中学生感到疲惫,上课无法认真听讲。feel tired 感到疲惫。故选 D。
解析:
【分析】首先通读句子理解句意:熬夜会让很多中学生处于某种状态,导致上课无法认真听讲,需要结合语境和选项短语的含义,选出符合熬夜后果的表达。
【解析】先翻译句子:熬夜让很多中学生感到疲惫,上课无法认真听讲。逐一分析选项:A选项feel happy意为“感到开心”,不符合熬夜的负面影响;B选项feel warm意为“感到温暖”,与熬夜的结果无关;C选项feel free意为“感到自由”,不符合语境;D选项feel tired意为“感到疲惫”,正好对应熬夜导致的身体状态,符合句意,因此选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】动词短语辨析;形容词词义辨析
【点评】本题结合生活常识考查语境中短语的含义,难度较低,需准确掌握各短语的意思并结合句子逻辑判断。
【难度系数】0.8
(
A
)5. —I failed the English exam. I'm upset and don't know what to do.
—Don't
stay in low spirits
. Work hard and you'll do better next time.
A.stay in low spirits
B.by chance
C.cheer up
D.get up
答案:5. A 【点拨】答句句意:不要因为考试失利心情不好。努力学习,下次会做得更好。stay in low spirits 情绪低落。故选 A。
解析:
【分析】首先理解对话语境:一方因英语考试失利情绪低落,另一方进行安慰。解题时需先辨析各选项短语的含义,再结合语境选择符合逻辑的表达。
【解析】先分析各选项短语含义:A.stay in low spirits意为“情绪低落”;B.by chance意为“偶然”,不符合语境;C.cheer up意为“振作起来”,若选C则句意变为“不要振作起来”,与后文鼓励努力的语境矛盾;D.get up意为“起床”,不符合语境。结合上文考试失利的背景,答句应是安慰“不要情绪低落”,因此选A。
【答案】A
【知识点】动词短语辨析;情景交际
【点评】本题考查情景交际中动词短语的辨析,需结合对话语境准确判断短语含义,属于基础题型,难度不大。
【难度系数】0.6
三、词语运用。
A)选用方框内的单词或词组填空,其中有一个单词或词组是多余选项。
$\boxed{\mathrm{drive}\quad \mathrm{mad}\quad \mathrm{felt lonely}\quad \mathrm{lately}\quad \mathrm{teenage}\quad \mathrm{in low spirits}}$
Teenagers often face many small troubles in their daily study and life. Many $\underline{\quad1\quad}$ students face great pressure from exams and lessons. They need to balance study and rest in a proper way. Too much schoolwork may $\underline{\quad2\quad}$ them to feel tired and worried. Heavy tasks are not good for their physical and mental health. Some students stay $\underline{\quad3\quad}$ when they get bad grades. They easily lose confidence and doubt themselves. Small mistakes in study can even make them $\underline{\quad4\quad}$ at times. It is not wise to get angry with yourself all the time. Many young people have such feelings $\underline{\quad5\quad}$.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
答案:A)1. teenage
2. drive
3. in low spirits
4. mad
5. lately
解析:
【分析】首先明确方框内各单词/词组的含义:drive(驱使)、mad(发疯的)、felt lonely(感到孤独,过去式)、lately(最近)、teenage(青少年的,形容词)、in low spirits(情绪低落)。接着逐个分析每个空的语境:1. 空后是名词students,需形容词修饰,故选teenage;2. 此处需动词构成drive sb to do sth(驱使某人做某事)的结构,符合语境的是drive;3. stay是系动词,后需表语,in low spirits(情绪低落)符合成绩不好时的状态;4. make sb + adj结构,mad(发疯的)符合小错误带来的情绪;5. 句子需时间状语,lately(最近)符合语境。注意felt lonely为过去式,且语义不符,是多余选项。
【解析】1. 修饰名词students需用形容词,方框中形容词teenage(青少年的)符合,故填teenage;2. 句子结构为drive sb to do sth(驱使某人做某事),动词drive符合语境,故填drive;3. stay后接表语,in low spirits(情绪低落)可表示状态,符合成绩差时的状态,故填in low spirits;4. make sb + adj结构,mad(发疯的)符合小错误带来的情绪,故填mad;5. 句子需时间状语,副词lately(最近)符合语境,故填lately。
【答案】1. teenage;2. drive;3. in low spirits;4. mad;5. lately
【知识点】形容词修饰名词、动词短语搭配、短语辨析
【点评】本题考查词语在具体语境中的运用,需结合词汇的词性、词义及句子结构选择合适的词,难度不大,注重基础词汇的掌握。
【难度系数】0.7
B)阅读短文,在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词,或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
Dear Zhang Lin,
How's it going? I have some problems at school.
I spend most of my time
1
(listen) to music and watching TV instead of doing my homework.
2
other students in my class are much better than me. I have the following
problems as well. I can't always take down the important things my teacher says,
3
I write too slowly. I
4
(tell) by my teacher yesterday that I was falling behind my classmates in my studies. I'm not good at writing and I
5
(usual) hand in my homework late because I don't do it until the last minute. So I often have to find different excuses
6
(let) my teacher know why I haven't done the homework. "I'm sure I will get
7
my exam next time," I often promise to my teacher. I'm now so far behind the other
8
(student) that I don't know how I can catch up with them. Last week, when my teacher helped me with my homework, she
9
(find) so many mistakes, which made me more upset.
Could you please give me some good
10
(advise)?
Yours,
Wei Hua
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
答案:B)1. listening
2. The
3. because
4. was told
5. usually
6. to let
7. through
8. students
9. found
10. advice
解析:
【分析】本题为英语短文填空题,需结合语境、固定搭配、语法规则逐一分析每个空:1. 考查固定搭配“spend time (in) doing sth”,需用动名词形式;2. 特指班级内的其他学生,用定冠词构成“the other students”;3. 前后为因果关系,前果后因,用连词because;4. 时间状语为yesterday,主语I与tell是被动关系,需用一般过去时的被动语态;5. 需副词修饰动词短语hand in,将形容词usual变为副词usually;6. 不定式作目的状语,表找借口的目的;7. 固定搭配“get through”表示“通过(考试)”;8. other后接可数名词复数;9. 时间状语为last week,用动词过去式;10. advice为不可数名词,用原形。
【解析】1. 固定搭配spend time doing sth,故填listening;2. 特指班级内的其他学生,用定冠词The;3. 前后为因果关系,填because;4. 一般过去时被动语态,填was told;5. 修饰动词用副词,填usually;6. 不定式作目的状语,填to let;7. 固定搭配get through,填through;8. other后接名词复数,填students;9. 一般过去时,填found;10. advice为不可数名词,填advice。
【答案】1. listening 2. The 3. because 4. was told 5. usually 6. to let 7. through 8. students 9. found 10. advice
【知识点】基础语法运用、词汇形式变化、固定搭配
【点评】本题考查英语基础知识点的运用,语境贴近学生学习生活,难度适中,能有效检验学生对核心语法和词汇的掌握情况。
【难度系数】0.6