二、根据要求改写句子
1. Franklin knew about the world $\underline{\mathrm{by reading a lot}}$. (对画线部分提问)
______ ______ Franklin ______ about the world?
2. He stayed up late to finish the research. (改为同义句)
He stayed up late ______ ______ ______ finish the research.
3. What he found helped predict the weather. (改为同义句)
______ ______ helped predict the weather.
4. Franklin showed an interest in science at a young age. (改为同义句)
Franklin ______ ______ in science at a young age.
5. Franklin taught himself new things when he was young. (改为同义句)
Franklin ______ new things ______ himself when he was young.
6. It is a rule that you should give the books back in two days. (改为同义句)
It is a rule that you should ______ the books in two days.
解析：
【解析】
1. 画线部分by reading a lot是动作的方式，对方式提问用特殊疑问词How；原句是一般过去时，需借助助动词did，后面的谓语动词变回原形know，故填How did; know。
2. 原句中to finish the research是不定式表目的，对应的同义短语in order to也可表目的，后接动词原形，故填in order to。
3. 原句主语What he found表示“他的发现”，可替换为名词短语His findings，语义一致，故填His findings。
4. 短语show an interest in 等同于be interested in，表示“对……感兴趣”，原句是一般过去时，主语Franklin是第三人称单数，be动词用was，故填was interested。
5. 短语teach oneself 等同于learn/study sth. by oneself，表示“自学”，原句是一般过去时，learn和study的过去式为learnt/studied，故填learnt/studied; by。
6. 短语give the books back表示“归还书籍”，等同于及物动词return，情态动词should后接动词原形，故填return。
【答案】
1. How did; know
2. in order to
3. His findings
4. was interested
5. learnt/studied; by
6. return
【知识点】
特殊疑问句改写
同义短语替换
一般过去时
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础的句型改写，涵盖对方式状语提问、常见同义短语转换等核心考点，侧重检验学生对基础词汇和句式搭配的积累掌握程度。
【难度系数】
0.7
